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• W3157788213 abstract "HomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 11First Report of Fusarium ipomoeae Causing Peanut Leaf Spot in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Fusarium ipomoeae Causing Peanut Leaf Spot in ChinaManlin Xu, Xia Zhang, Jing Yu, Zhiqing Guo, Ying Li, Juxiang Wu, and Yucheng ChiManlin Xuhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4266-5110Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Xia ZhangShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Jing Yuhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-3032Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Zhiqing GuoShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Ying LiShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Juxiang WuShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Yucheng Chi†Corresponding author: Y. C. Chi; E-mail Address: 87626681@163.comShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Manlin Xu Xia Zhang Jing Yu Zhiqing Guo Ying Li Juxiang Wu Yucheng Chi † Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China Published Online:15 Nov 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-21-0226-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFPDF PlusSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articlePeanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most economically important crops as an important source of edible oil and protein. In August 2020, circular to oval-shaped brown leaf spots (2 to 6 mm in diameter) with well-defined borders surrounded by a yellow margin were observed on peanut plant leaves in Laixi City, Shandong Province, China. Symptomatic plants were randomly distributed in the field, the incidence was approximately 5%. Leaf samples were collected consisted of diseased tissue and the adjacent healthy tissue. The samples were dipped in a 70% (v/v) ethanol solution for 30 s and then soaked in a 0.1% (w/v) mercuric chloride solution for 60 s. The surface-sterilized tissues were then rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, dried, and placed on Czapek-Dox agar supplemented with 100 μg/ml of chloramphenicol. The cultures were incubated in darkness at 25°C for 3 to 5 days. Fungal colonies were initially white and radial, turning to orange-brown in color, with abundant aerial mycelia. Macroconidia were abundant, four to seven septate, with a dorsiventral curvature, and were 3.3 to 4.5 × 18.5 to 38.1 μm (n = 100) in size; microconidia were absent; chlamydospores were produced in chains or clumps, ellipsoidal to subglobose, and thick walled. The morphological characteristics of the conidia were consistent with those of Fusarium spp. To identify the fungus, an EasyPure Genomic DNA Kit (TransGEN, Beijing, China) was used to extract the total genomic DNA from mycelia. The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS rDNA) and the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF1) were amplified with primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990) and EF1/EF2 (O’Donnell et al. 1998), respectively. Based on BLAST analysis, sequences of ITS (MT928727) and TEF1 (MT952337) showed 99.64 and 100% similarity to the ITS (MT939248.1) and TEF1 (GQ505636.1) of Fusarium ipomoeae isolates. Sequence analysis confirmed that the fungus isolated from the infected peanut was F. ipomoeae (Xia et al. 2019). The pathogenicity of the fungus was tested in the greenhouse. Twenty 2-week-old peanut seedlings (cv. Huayu20) grown in 20-cm pots (containing autoclaved soil) were sprayed with a conidial suspension (105 ml−1) from a 15-day-old culture. Control plants were sprayed with distilled water. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design and was placed at 25°C under a 12-h photoperiod with 90% humidity. Symptoms similar to those in the field were observed on leaves treated with the conidial suspension 10 days after inoculation, but not on control plants. F. ipomoeae was reisolated from symptomatic leaves but not from the control plants. Reisolation of F. ipomoeae from inoculated plants fulfilled Koch’s postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. ipomoeae causing peanut leaf spot in China. Our report indicates the potential spread of this pathogen in China, and a systematic survey is required to develop effective disease management strategies.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:O’Donnell, K., et al. 1998. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:2044. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.5.2044 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Google ScholarXia, J. W., et al. 2019. Persoonia 43:186. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.43.05 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarM. L. Xu and X. Zhang contributed equally to the paper.Funding: Funding was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31801711), Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CXGC2021A42), Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project (CXGC2018E21, CXGC2016B11), Shandong Agriculture Research System (SDAIT-04-07), and Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2019JZZY010702).The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 105, No. 11 November 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionFoliar mottling and interveinal yellowing symptoms on melon leaves in the Central Valley of California (S. Mondal et al.). Photo credit: W. M. Wintermantel. Improved wheat plant growth in Pratylenchus neglectus infested soil by applying aldicarb at the time of planting (R. W. Smiley et al.). Photo credit: R. W. Smiley. Mosaic and feathery mottle on taro foliage caused by dasheen mosaic virus (C. Escalante et al.). Photo credit: R. A. Valverde. Metrics Downloaded 393 times Article History Issue Date: 11 Jan 2022Published: 15 Nov 2021First Look: 4 May 2021Accepted: 3 May 2021 Page: 3754 Information© 2021 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaGrant/Award Number: 31801711Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation ProjectGrant/Award Number: CXGC2018E21Grant/Award Number: CXGC2016B11Shandong Agriculture Research SystemGrant/Award Number: SDAIT-04-07Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects in Shandong ProvinceGrant/Award Number: 2019JZZY010702Keywordspeanutleaf spotFusarium ipomoeaeThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest." @default.
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