FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W3166306865> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W3166306865 endingPage "6109" @default.
• W3166306865 startingPage "6109" @default.
• W3166306865 abstract "Kohl is a traditional cosmetic widely used in Asia and Africa. In recent years, demand for kohl-based eyelids and lipsticks has increased in Europe, linked to migratory phenomena of populations from these continents. Although the European legislation prohibits the use of heavy metals in cosmetics due to the harmful effects to human health, particularly to pregnant women and children, these elements are still present in certain products. The European Union recommended levels are Pb < 20 ppm, As < 5 ppm, Cd < 5 ppm, Sb < 100 ppm, and Ni < 200 ppm. In Germany, levels are more restrictive: Pb < 2 ppm, As < 0.5 ppm, Cd < 0.1 ppm, Sb < 0.5 ppm, and Ni < 10 ppm. Here, we analyzed 12 kohl-based cosmetics in different presentations (powder, paste, and pencil) that were purchased in Spanish and German local shops. An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer was used to identify toxic elements and heavy metals. Levels of Pb ranged between 1.7 and 410,000 ppm in six of the study samples, four of which had levels above the recommended limit of at least two heavy metals. Arsenic (a carcinogenic element) values were within the range allowed by the EU in only 58% of the studied samples. Moreover, two products doubled this limit, reaching levels of 9.2 and 12.6 ppm. In one of the products, cadmium, related to toxic keratitis, was four times higher (20.7 ppm) than that allowed, while in two other products, these limits were doubled (11.8 and 12.7 ppm). Our results indicate the need to supervise the manufacture of kohl-based traditional products and the analysis of their composition prior distribution in European countries." @default.
• W3166306865 created "2021-06-22" @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5007381485 @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5013524780 @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5019088837 @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5023115599 @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5038216148 @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5044866867 @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5053969852 @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5060504754 @default.
• W3166306865 creator A5077501663 @default.
• W3166306865 date "2021-06-05" @default.
• W3166306865 modified "2023-10-07" @default.
• W3166306865 title "Toxic Elements in Traditional Kohl-Based Eye Cosmetics in Spanish and German Markets" @default.
• W3166306865 cites W133237125 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1565996716 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1591802390 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1624670006 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1939849505 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1970324957 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1972340292 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1977564894 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1984580491 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1985039382 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1990057101 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1990219580 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1994903938 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1994925432 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W1999375156 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2001156156 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2001703328 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2006697085 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2010835698 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2010898132 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2013379492 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2020699817 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2026157684 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2029794466 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2031325421 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2033481129 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2033945038 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2039076748 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2043720409 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2043755023 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2049760049 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2059447815 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2063125518 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2064340999 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2069905995 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2071449861 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2073852317 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2075315438 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2083267758 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2085181717 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2086204982 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2092971063 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2115867608 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2117147049 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2119322375 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2125535558 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2134383314 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2136427566 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2141984004 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2163812695 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2285291730 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2298392052 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2321951303 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2339660835 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2344843210 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2395798067 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2412175953 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2425132637 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2529060120 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2606954713 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2735504757 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2763544274 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2765354383 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2774292098 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2891215035 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2893593291 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2913392378 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2955768734 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2964916342 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2981582180 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W2991534396 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W3001369673 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W3025562714 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W3159717168 @default.
• W3166306865 cites W4249272797 @default.
• W3166306865 doi "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116109" @default.
• W3166306865 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8201171" @default.
• W3166306865 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34198922" @default.
• W3166306865 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
• W3166306865 type Work @default.
• W3166306865 sameAs 3166306865 @default.
• W3166306865 citedByCount "4" @default.
• W3166306865 countsByYear W31663068652021 @default.
• W3166306865 countsByYear W31663068652022 @default.

• next