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- W3167998192 abstract "Reviewed by: The Cambridge Companion to the Federalist ed. by Jack N. Rakove and Colleen A. Sheehan Katlyn Marie Carter (bio) The Federalist, Federalism, U.S. Constitution, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, James Madison, Democracy The Cambridge Companion to the Federalist. Edited by Jack N. Rakove and Colleen A. Sheehan. (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2020. Pp. 607. Paper, $34.99.) The Federalist Papers are never not relevant. But the essays in the recently published Cambridge Companion to the Federalist, edited by Jack Rakove and Colleen Sheehan, assert a renewed salience with fresh exploration of ongoing debates about this foundational text. The collection of sixteen essays brings together historians and political scientists, leading to a fruitful variety of interpretative modes. The essays make for thought-provoking reading for both the specialist and the student just beginning to study the Constitution or American government. One comes away from the collection concluding that two missions shaped the Federalist. Firstly, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay ultimately sought to answer a single, if complex, question: How can self-government be stable, secure, just, and based on reason? The men were also driven by a second question: How can we get the Constitution ratified? It is the interplay of these two questions that many of the essays in the present collection usefully highlight. The men who wrote this elemental work of modern American political theory did so within a [End Page 331] specific political context, and the resultant theory was a product of pragmatism, strategy, and necessity as much as it was a work of creativity or inspiration. Given this assessment, many of the essays in the collection note Publius's optimism and novel thinking while also probing some of the unanticipated outcomes and dashed expectations after ratification. Many of the essays demonstrate how significantly the Federalist was shaped by the political context in which it was composed. Quentin Taylor asserts the fundamentally political nature of the project and argues that John Jay was central to the Federalist in ways not always appreciated. David Siemers argues the authors of the Federalist intentionally and aggressively joined a factional fight already in progress (23). In fact, many of the arguments made in the Federalist were specifically designed to respond to and counter Anti-Federalist critiques of the Constitution; indeed it was in this response that the authors of the The Federalist were led to their deepest insights, as David Golove and Daniel Hulsebosch put it (116). Eric Nelson emphasizes how Hamilton's articulation of executive power was designed to assuage concerns of Anti-Federalists (441), while William Treanor points out that Hamilton's theoretical underpinning of the judicial branch was almost a point-by-point response to Brutus (Melancton Smith). Golove and Hulsebosch assert that Publius aimed to persuade voters to accept the Constitution by retroactively explicating the federal framework as a holistic project based on careful analysis when it was really the result of compromise (127). These essays offer a vital reminder that what we now look to as a coherent theoretical explication of the Constitution was a strategically constructed response to opponents in the midst of a tense political fight. Still, none of the authors suggest that the conditions under which the Federalist was written diminish the insights of its authors. The bulk of the essays in the volume can be broken down into two camps that reflect a long-standing divide in the scholarship: those that read the Federalist and the Constitution as primarily a response to the weakness of the Articles of Confederation, and those that see them more as an answer to the perceived defects of the state governments, as Paul Rahe puts it. Nonetheless, essays in both camps conjure the same underlying question that continues to plague us today. What kind of democracy did the Constitution create, if it created one at all? Three of the essays—by Max Edling, Michael Zuckurt, and Golove and Hulsebosch—argue that the Federalist was less about curbing an excess of democracy than about creating a central government that [End Page 332] could establish security and promote commerce on the international stage. Edling urges renewed focus on Hamilton's priority of establishing a centralized..." @default.
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- W3167998192 title "The Cambridge Companion to the Federalist ed. by Jack N. Rakove and Colleen A. Sheehan" @default.
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