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- W3173134444 abstract "Background: Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient. Homeostatic levels are critical to healthy human development, yet high levels of exposure can be neurotoxic and result in adverse effects. Given that optimal brain development requires complex maturational processes to occur in the right order and time, both timing and intensity of Mn exposure matter. Previous research has found critical windows of susceptibility and sex-specific associations between Mn exposure and unfavorable behavioral outcomes; however, few studies have explored the neural mechanisms behind these results. To address this research gap, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate sex-specific associations between early life Mn exposure and intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) of the brain.Methods: Seventy-one participants (15-23 years; 46% male) from the ongoing Public Health Impact of Manganese Exposure (PHIME) completed a resting-state functional MRI scan and donated a naturally shed deciduous tooth. Prenatal, postnatal, and early childhood dentine Mn were measured using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. We performed seed-based correlation analyses, focusing on the left and right caudate, putamen, pallidum and bilateral middle frontal gyrus and examined correlations between dentine Mn at each time points in iFC in these regions. Subsequent analysis included an interaction term between sex and Mn. All models controlled for age, socioeconomic status, and IQ.Results: Dentine Mn was correlated with iFC in areas involved in executive and motor functions, including the caudate, the middle frontal gyrus, the left putamen, and the left pallidum. The strength of the associations varied by sex and timepoint.Conclusion: These findings suggest that early-life Mn exposure is associated with brain functional connectivity within cognitive and motor brain regions, and further suggests that females and males are not evenly vulnerable to these effects. Future studies should investigate cognitive and motor outcomes related to these associations." @default.
- W3173134444 created "2021-06-22" @default.
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- W3173134444 date "2020-10-26" @default.
- W3173134444 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3173134444 title "Sex-specific associations between early life exposure to manganese and intrinsic functional connectivity of the brain in adolescents and young adults" @default.
- W3173134444 doi "https://doi.org/10.1289/isee.2020.virtual.p-0264" @default.
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