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• W3174211793 abstract "The emerging digital technologies pose new challenges to innovation intermediaries. In thispaper we build on a case base of evidence on selected public intermediaries in France (poles decompetitivite) and in the UK (digital catapults), to argue that public innovation intermediaries,which carry public policy mandates, have a specific role to play, particularly in the context on theemerging, complex, and yet not fully commoditised set of technologies underpinning the ‘fourthindustrial revolution’. In particular, we reveal that by connecting a plurality of actors on thedemand and supply side, public innovation intermediaries facilitate co-creation of complextechnological solutions, and that in doing so, they create both social and economic value. Thegoals of examined co-creation activities revolve around finding highly innovative solutions tocomplex problems triggered by the digital transformation. The co-creation initiatives that westudy take place at the national level, but their outputs have broader impact on the activities of theparties involved.Our evidence suggests that, when co-creating a complex technological solution, theintermediary is involved in two complementary, often intertwined, but distinct processes thatbring together organisations that demand technology and those that supply technologicalsolutions. On the demand side, the intermediary helps the organisation looking for a technologicalsolution (a large company, an SME, or a municipality) to articulate their demand, and eventuallyfind it as well. We call this ‘demand-led’ co-creation. On the supply side, the intermediary bringstogether a system of technology providers (large companies, SMEs, universities and publicresearch organisations) able to devise, develop and implement a technological solution to match2the needs of the organisation on the demand side. We call this ‘supply-led’ co-creation. Theintermediary is present from the beginning to the end of the co-creation processes, with itsactivities extending beyond co-creation processes to ensure post-project continuity between theinvolved actors.Among demand-led co-creation processes, we identified at least two different approachesdevised by Catapults and Poles de competitivite - the development of an open challenge, and thedevelopment of a proof-of concept. On the supply side, we noted the creation of the so-called‘groupement’ of SMEs by poles de competitivite, whereby the pole facilitates the creation of avalue-chain that is able to respond to complex demands of organisations looking for technologicalsolutions.Our study shows that public intermediaries are able to play their unique role in co-creationprocesses thanks to several factors: the legitimacy they have to act as intermediaries, as they areendowed with public mandates; the presence of long-term public funding that enablesintermediaries to be perceived as neutral agents, to gain reputation and trust over time; thenetworks of trusted experts on whom they can rely to successfully complete their mission; a wellfunctioning evaluation process that spurs intermediaries to act effectively and efficiently and to beresponsive to demands from their stakeholders." @default.
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• W3174211793 date "2021-01-11" @default.
• W3174211793 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3174211793 title "Public innovation intermediaries and digital co-creation," @default.
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