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- W3176642006 abstract "Infectious diarrhea is the most common cause of diarrhea worldwide and the leading cause of mortality in children. Campylobacter spp. are currently the most common causes of self-limited bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world, whereas Rotavirus accounts for 28% of diarrheal episodes. Infectious diarrhea is generally self-limiting, and empirical treatments with antimicrobial drugs should be decided considering the diarrhea’s duration, severity of symptoms, and patient’s anamnesis. Even in patients with positive stool culture tests, antimicrobial treatment should be evaluated case-by-case, considering the risk of the emergence of bacterial resistance and the occurrence of side effects. Antimicrobial treatments are recommended in Giardiasis, Campylobacter, and Vibrio infections, whereas antibiotics during mild episodes of Clostridium difficile diarrhea are still debated. Antibiotics are not recommended in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections as drugs don’t significantly improve the disease’s outcome and some antibiotics increase the toxin production. Probiotics are frequently used among patients with diarrhea and have been shown to have some efficacy in traveler’s and post-infection diarrhea, but further studies are required to determine their effects. Despite advances in managing, nearly 750,000 children die annually due to infectious diarrhea, outlining the importance of new interventions such as vaccines and new broad-spectrum compounds." @default.
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- W3176642006 date "2022-01-01" @default.
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- W3176642006 title "Antimicrobial Treatments of Infectious Diarrhea" @default.
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- W3176642006 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820472-6.00069-4" @default.
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