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• W3177348049 abstract "During the last fourteen thousand years, East Africa was the locus of significant climatic and cultural changes, which highly affected landscape evolution and prehistoric ways of life. Enhanced monsoonal precipitations over the tropics, mainly driven by Earth’s precessional and eccentricity orbital parameters, were the primary causes of the African Humid Period (AHP; ~14 - ~6 ka). This humid period led to the transgression of continental lacustrine waterbodies, the increase of fluvial discharge and the spread of vegetation cover over the present-day desertic regions. The onset and the end of this wetter phase were not homogeneous across the continent, and the AHP was punctuated by centennial-scale episodes of hyper-aridity which varied in time and in space. This highly variable environmental scenario was the theatre of one of the most important socio-economic changes in human history, that of the transition between the last hunters-gatherers and the first food production societies. The concomitance of such cultural transformations and climatic disruptions raises the question of the role of changing environmental conditions on the distribution patterns of new socio-economic practices, namely herding.The Ethiopian Highlands (EH) represent a major receiver of monsoonal precipitations in East Africa. During the AHP, substantial variations of the monsoon regime affected the functioning of the hydro-systems originating in the EH. This included the Blue Nile River and Lake Abhe, the endorheic receptacle of the Awash River waters, and located in the northern East African Rift System (EARS). Additionally, the Nile valley and the EARS, constituted the main corridors for prehistoric human trajectories across the Horn of Africa. With the aim to better understand human-climate coevolution during this crucial period a multiscale and multidisciplinary approach is proposed.First, I decipher Holocene climatic variations from the functioning of the two main EH-originated hydro-systems by: a) tracking exceptional Blue Nile paleo-flood frequencies using a high resolution study of a laminated sequence from the Nile Deep Sea Fan deposits, and b) reconstructing the hydrological fluctuations of paleo-Lake Abhe (Ethiopia, Djibouti), from the study of wave-dominated clastic paleo-shoreline sequences. Second, I characterize the impact of hydro-climatic changes on littoral paleolandscape evolution along the Lake Abhe basin. And finally, I estimate the interactions between climatic induced landform dynamics and human occupations with respect to the main socio-economic shifts that occurred over the same lacustrine basin.This study improves our comprehension of the spatial-temporal patterns of Holocene hydro-climate in East Africa: a strong and stable monsoonal regime has been evidenced between ~11 and ~9 ka BP, followed by a stepwise ardification until the end of the AHP. Moreover, belated Mid-Holocene humid conditions in the Northern Rift suggest that the Congo Air Boundary had a significant role on rainfall controls in this area. Additionally, evaluating the interplay between climatic-, geomorphic- and tectonic-induced sedimentary transfer mechanisms over the investigated basins allowed us to localise some hydro-sedimentary processes decoupled from climatic forcing and to propose a diachronic palaeolandscape reconstitution of the Lake Abhe basin for this period.Early Holocene Lake Abhe waters and environments were strongly exploited by hunter-fisher-gatherers until the last lake drop around ~4.5 ka BP, when herding practices were integrated in this region. Associations between prehistoric settlements and Holocene hydrological variations demonstrate how humans were extremely reactive to fluctuating lake environments and how new socio-economic practices were often adapted to specific local to regional environmental trajectories." @default.
• W3177348049 created "2021-07-05" @default.
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• W3177348049 date "2021-02-19" @default.
• W3177348049 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3177348049 title "The role of hydro-climatic changes on paleolandscape evolution and on prehistoric settlement during the last humid-arid cycle in the horn of Africa" @default.
• W3177348049 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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