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- W3180400805 abstract "PurposeTo uncover the mechanism of subconjunctival outflow in humans.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsFifteen patients receiving subconjunctival anesthesia before intravitreal injection for routine clinical care.MethodsAnterior segment (AS) OCT was performed in patients with various instances of conjunctival edema or subconjunctival fluid. Other patients received a subconjunctival mixture of 0.005% indocyanine green and 2% lidocaine. After subconjunctival injection of the tracer and anesthetic mixture, blebs and associated outflow pathways were imaged angiographically and the time for appearance was recorded. The pattern and structure of outflow pathways were studied using AS OCT. Angiographic and AS OCT results were compared with trabecular and conventional outflow imaging, which demonstrates veins.Main Outcome MeasuresOcular surface lymphangiography and AS OCT images.ResultsAnterior segment OCT of the conjunctiva in a normal eye demonstrated thin nonedematous conjunctiva with absent intraconjunctival lumens or subconjunctival fluid. Patients with a history of trabeculectomy, subconjunctival drug injection, or chemosis demonstrated thickened conjunctiva and intraconjunctival luminal pathways that contained valve-like structures. Tracer-based studies in patients demonstrated blebs with irregular subconjunctival bleb-related outflow patterns that arose in a time-dependent fashion. These angiographic pathways were luminal on OCT, sausage shaped, and contained intraluminal valve-like structures. This was in contrast to trabecular and conventional outflow imaging, where pathways were classically Y-shaped, of even caliber, and lacked valve-like structures.ConclusionsOutflow pathways were seen in patients with conjunctival edema and after subconjunctival tracer injection. These pathways were lymphatic based on pattern and structural study. Better understanding of bleb-related lymphatic outflow may lead to improved bleb-requiring glaucoma surgeries and subconjunctival drug delivery. To uncover the mechanism of subconjunctival outflow in humans. Cross-sectional study. Fifteen patients receiving subconjunctival anesthesia before intravitreal injection for routine clinical care. Anterior segment (AS) OCT was performed in patients with various instances of conjunctival edema or subconjunctival fluid. Other patients received a subconjunctival mixture of 0.005% indocyanine green and 2% lidocaine. After subconjunctival injection of the tracer and anesthetic mixture, blebs and associated outflow pathways were imaged angiographically and the time for appearance was recorded. The pattern and structure of outflow pathways were studied using AS OCT. Angiographic and AS OCT results were compared with trabecular and conventional outflow imaging, which demonstrates veins. Ocular surface lymphangiography and AS OCT images. Anterior segment OCT of the conjunctiva in a normal eye demonstrated thin nonedematous conjunctiva with absent intraconjunctival lumens or subconjunctival fluid. Patients with a history of trabeculectomy, subconjunctival drug injection, or chemosis demonstrated thickened conjunctiva and intraconjunctival luminal pathways that contained valve-like structures. Tracer-based studies in patients demonstrated blebs with irregular subconjunctival bleb-related outflow patterns that arose in a time-dependent fashion. These angiographic pathways were luminal on OCT, sausage shaped, and contained intraluminal valve-like structures. This was in contrast to trabecular and conventional outflow imaging, where pathways were classically Y-shaped, of even caliber, and lacked valve-like structures. Outflow pathways were seen in patients with conjunctival edema and after subconjunctival tracer injection. These pathways were lymphatic based on pattern and structural study. Better understanding of bleb-related lymphatic outflow may lead to improved bleb-requiring glaucoma surgeries and subconjunctival drug delivery." @default.
- W3180400805 created "2021-07-19" @default.
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- W3180400805 date "2021-12-01" @default.
- W3180400805 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W3180400805 title "Structural Confirmation of Lymphatic Outflow from Subconjunctival Blebs of Live Humans" @default.
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- W3180400805 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xops.2021.100080" @default.
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