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• W3184402813 abstract "Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most common and seriouspsychiatric disorders worldwide. It is associated with impairment in rolefunctioning and quality of life. This psychiatric problem is often under detectedand under treated despite its common occurrence in general population. MDDhas multifactorial etiological causes which include genetic, neurobiological,psychological and social factors. Personality traits and stressful life events aresignificant psychosocial factors in MDD. In Malaysia, there was a lack in studyof this established psychosocial factors associated with first onset of MDD.Various studies focused on the prevalence of depressive symptoms and itassociated factors in different settings and different target groups. There is nostudy that investigate the association of personality traits and stressful lifeevents associated with single episode of MDD. The study aimed to determinepersonality traits & stressful life events as psychosocial risk factors amongpatients with single episode MDD attending government hospitals in Malaysia.This was a matched case-control study design. A total of 297 cases and 297controls matched by age, sex and ethnicity were recruited in four governmenthospitals in Malaysia. The case subjects were recruited among patients withsingle episode of MDD attending Psychiatry Outpatient Clinics. Whereas, thecontrols were individuals who accompanied the patients attending OrthopedicClinic, Surgical Clinic and ENT Clinic in the same local hospital with cases. Theconvenience sampling method was used. All the new patients with thediagnosis of single episode of MDD attending four government hospitals asregistered in outpatient clinic were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria.Prior to study entry, all the eligible subjects who fulfilled the inclusion andexclusion criteria were given informed consent form and study informationsheets. Face to face interviews were conducted utilizing the Mini InternationalNeuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to confirm the diagnosis of MDD andMontreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) questionnaires to exclude anyglobal cognitive impairment. Self-administered survey questionnaires were utilized for the data collection which were socio-demographic profiles, clinicalcharacteristics, the list of Threatening Experiences and Temperament &Personality Questionnaire. IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25 and Stata SoftwareVersion 13 were used to perform the statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics,Chi-square analysis, McNemar’s test and conditional logistic regressionanalysis were used to analyze the collected data based on the studyobjectives.A response rate of 98.02% was achieved when all the subjects completed thedata. The Chi-square analysis showed that there was statistically significantdifference in marital status, job status, family income educational level andfamily history of mental illness between the MDD subjects and healthy controls.Meanwhile, the result from McNemar’s test discovered that there wasstatistically significant association between life events and MDD. It alsoindicated that the association between all personality traits except forperfectionism and MDD were statistically significant. Conditional logisticregression analysis revealed that six variables were found to be predictors ofMDD. The strongest predictors for MDD in descending order were familyhistory of mental illness, stressful life event, interpersonal sensitivity,employment status, self-criticism and effectiveness.In conclusion, the findings from this study examined the links of stressful lifeevents and personality traits on the risk of onset of MDD. The focus should begiven to the strategies in giving the treatment and early screening for riskfactors in clinical setting. The preventative programs should be aimed to reducethe risk of becoming depressed by enhancing coping and self-managementskills in high risk group. Further prospective cohort studies should be carriedout to assess the causal relationship of single episode of MDD and its riskfactors among population in Malaysia." @default.
• W3184402813 created "2021-08-02" @default.
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• W3184402813 date "2019-05-01" @default.
• W3184402813 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3184402813 title "Risk factors of single episode major depressive disorder among patients in four tertiary government hospitals in Selangor and the Federal Territory, Malaysia" @default.
• W3184402813 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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