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- W3190348957 abstract "In the context of the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 and the establishment ofseveral conventions related to the environment, industrialized countriesaccepted the notion of common but differentiated responsibilities when itcomes to managing environmental change. Historically industrialized countries are disproportionately responsible for global environmental problems,but for the sake of future generations these problems can only be solved ifdeveloping countries are included within environmental solutions. As developing countries have few incentives to participate, ways to persuade theminclude financial concessions and technical assistance in the form of environmental aid that pays for the “full incremental costs” incurred by developing countries in their domestic policies that solve global environmentalproblems. These costs can be defined as the costs a country incurs in takingactions that generate global environmental benefits and that exceed what thecountry would otherwise do if guided purely by national self-interest (Kauland Le Goulven 2003: 349). But once it comes to concrete policies andfinancial contributions needed to involve developing countries in protectionmeasures, industrialized countries do not share an equal financial burden.The chapter is therefore guided by this question: Why do industrializedOECD countries not share an equal financial burden when it comes totackling global environmental change, now an important aspect of foreignpolicy (Harris 2001a, 2007)? Explanations for unequal burden sharingbehavior can be found on the basis of different foreign policies and on thebasis of the theoretical and empirical literature which has guided the discussion on traditional aid policies. As environmental aid is often simply asubcategory of official aid, the relevant aid and foreign policy literature willbe briefly reviewed before an empirical section draws a detailed empiricalaccount of bi-and multilateral financial flows to the environment, referred toas environmental aid. It will be shown that environmental aid burdens areindeed unequally shared. The remainder of this chapter, therefore, offersexplanations that take into account different foreign policies and a multivariate regression analysis for bilateral environmental aid. In particular, thisanalysis considers the causal variables Power, Interests and Ideas from the3 × 3 matrix introduced by Barkdull and Harris in Chapter 2 of this book(see Table 2.1). In fact, the variance is best explained by single foreign policiesand a set of influential variables from the matrix including power-and interestbased indicators, as well as economic, norm-driven and partisan indicators.International aid, foreign policy, and the environment" @default.
- W3190348957 created "2021-08-16" @default.
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- W3190348957 date "2009-06-03" @default.
- W3190348957 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W3190348957 title "Financing for the environment: Explaining unequal burden sharing" @default.
- W3190348957 doi "https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203881439-22" @default.
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