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• W319044764 abstract "People have the basic need to explain the events in their lives, including causal attribution for traumatic events (Barker-Collo, 2001). In trying to understand why they have been sexually abused, children make both internal (self-blame) and external (other- or situational-blame) attributions (Celano, Hazzard, Campbell & Lang, 2002; Feiring, Taska & Chen, 2002; McGee, Wolfe, Olson, 2001). Internal attributions of blame (self-blame) for sexual abuse in childhood have been found to be significantly predictive of symptomatology in adulthood (Barker-Collo, 2001). Thus it is essential to find ways to help survivors of sexual abuse to learn how to form appropriate, healthy attributions for the abuse. The Appropriate Attribution Technique (AAT) provides such a method. Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children Sexually abused children are at greater risk for adjustment problems than non-abused children (Feerick & Snow, 2005; Kendall-Tackett, Williams, & Finkelhor, 1993; King et al., 2003; Kingston & Raghavan, 2009; Ross & O'Carroll, 2004; Tebbutt, Swanston, Oates & O'Toole, 1997; Weierich & Nock, 2008). A child's adjustment to sexual abuse may be related more to their subjective interpretations of the abuse (e.g., attributions) than to the specific behaviors involved (Cohen & Mannarino, 2002; Valle & Silovsky, 2002). The more the abuse is attributed to the self (self-blame) the greater the symptoms (depression, intrusive thoughts, avoidance, hyperarousal, and lower self-esteem), whereas the more the abuse is attributed to the perpetrator, the lower the symptoms of depression (Feiring et al., 2002). General internal attributions for negative events are significantly linked to levels of depression and PTSD-related symptoms in children who have been sexually abused (Runyon & Kenny, 2002). Child sexual abuse is also strongly related to the presence and frequency of non-suicidal self-injury (Weierich & Nock, 2008). Effects of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) on Adults Time does not heal all wounds; individuals who experienced CSA have higher rates of both physical and psychological problems in adulthood (Wilson, 2010) and older adulthood (age 60 and above; Draper et al., 2008). In a non-clinical sample of women who were survivors of either CSA or adult sexual abuse, adjustment was not affected by the amount of time that had elapsed since the abuse (Fetchenhauer, Jacobs & Belschak, 2005). Consistent with previous findings, characterological self-blame was associated with poorer adjustment, while attributions to external causes were associated with better adjustment. Women who experience CSA are also more likely to experience negative effects in their adult sexual functioning (Lemieux & Byers, 2008; Meston, Rellini & Heiman, 2006). In addition, a history of CSA has been found to be more predictive of adult suicide attempts than a current diagnosis of depression (Read, Agar, Barker-Collo, Davies & Moskowitz, 2001). This influence of CSA on adult suicidality may be due to enduring cognitive styles such as attributions of self-blame (Read et al., 2001). Adult survivors of CSA who attributed the abuse to the perpetrator are much more likely to maintain their self-esteem and enjoy a higher quality of life than survivors who engaged in self-blame or situational-blame (Lev-Wiesel, 2000). Self-blaming attributions in adult survivors of CSA are related to more depression and anxiety and a lower self-esteem (Feiring et al., 2002), as well as difficulties in interpersonal relationships (Valle & Silovsky, 2002). Self-blame for CSA, in both children and adults, is associated with poorer adjustment, life dissatisfaction, depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem (Valle & Silovsky, 2002). In addition, adult rape victims who had a history of CSA were more likely to engage in self-blaming attributions and suffer greater distress than rape victims without a history of CSA (Arata, 1999). …" @default.
• W319044764 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W319044764 date "2010-06-01" @default.
• W319044764 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W319044764 title "The Appropriate Attribution Technique (AAT): A New Treatment Technique for Adult Survivors of Sexual Abuse" @default.
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