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- W3192088187 abstract "Highly selective ion separations are vital for recovering important salts, and membrane-based techniques may enable environmentally friendly ion separations that operate continuously. This study demonstrates that simply opposing convective flow with electromigration in track-etched membranes leads to remarkable selectivities among monovalent ions. Because the membrane-pore diameters are orders of magnitude larger than the ion diameters, advection moves all ions at the same velocity, whereas electrophoretic velocities are proportional to ion mobilities. Thus during counter-flow cation electromigration, less mobile cations have lower electromigration velocity components and pass through porous membranes more rapidly than more mobile cations. Using membranes with 400 nm pores, counter-flow electromigration gives Li+/K+ selectivities of 100 and Li+/Na+ selectivities around 30 in mixed-salt studies. Numerical simulations based on the extended Nernst-Planck equation agree with trends in experimental data and highlight the importance of high Péclet numbers, high current-to-flow ratios, and uniform current distributions for achieving high selectivities. Importantly, experimental separations give high selectivities at 0.3 M ionic strength and low Li+/K+ ratios, which suggest these methods may also work in brine solutions. Nevertheless, energy costs for such separations are high." @default.
- W3192088187 created "2021-08-16" @default.
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- W3192088187 date "2021-11-01" @default.
- W3192088187 modified "2023-10-03" @default.
- W3192088187 title "Highly selective ion separations based on counter-flow electromigration in nanoporous membranes" @default.
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- W3192088187 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119684" @default.
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