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- W3192691126 abstract "Progress on targeted pulmonary delivery of inhaled drugs has come with new challenges in formulation and pharmacokinetics. These include delivery of high-dose drugs (e.g. antibiotics) and solving the physical stability issues of amorphous powders produced in the production process (e.g. jet milling, spray drying). While generic inhalation products can alleviate the health cost burden, dry powder formulations require careful matching of the interaction forces between the active ingredients and lactose carriers, and also between the formulation and the inhaler. Biologics and macromolecules continue to be important therapeutics, but their delivery requires maintenance of the biological stability of the macromolecules in the formulation. Currently, there is no controlled release inhalation product on the market. A major concern is the toxicity of excipients used such formulations as certain polymers may cause inflammation in the lungs. Liposomes which resemble endogenous lipids so far have been the most promising candidates for repeated lung dosing. The fate of inhaled drugs in the body is determined by both the physicochemical characteristics of the drug (e.g. lipophilicity and molecular weight) and the anatomical and histological characteristics of the respiratory system (e.g. large airways vs alveoli). These factors will depend on whether the drug is for local action or systemic effect. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) correlation of clinically approved inhaled drugs is discussed for corticosteroids and bronchodilators, antimicrobials, prostacyclin analogs, antipsychotics, and insulin. Further improvement of PK/PD parameters of inhaled drugs could be considered via chemical modification, functional micro/nanoparticle formulations, and active targeting strategies." @default.
- W3192691126 created "2021-08-16" @default.
- W3192691126 creator A5026820693 @default.
- W3192691126 creator A5063947325 @default.
- W3192691126 date "2021-07-27" @default.
- W3192691126 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W3192691126 title "Formulation and Pharmacokinetic Challenges Associated with Targeted Pulmonary Drug Delivery" @default.
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