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• W3193874605 abstract "I. IntroductionAs the oft-used and oft-quoted maxim for assessing the obvious goes: 'If it looks like a duck, walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck, it just may be a duck.' notion behind this quote is an irrefutable adage,1 but one that is seemingly lost on many district courts today who struggle to either discern or acknowledge the obvious: Private arbitral bodies are within the meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 1782(a)2 because they are first-instance decisionmakerfs] that conduct adjudicatory proceedings which lead to a dispositive ruling.3International commercial arbitration is the accepted way of resolving business disputes [between private parties]. As stated by one lawyer, '[i]n today's world the dispute resolution mechanism will invariably be arbitration.'4 Although there are no empirical studies compiling statistics on the frequency of arbitration provisions in commercial contracts, [o]ne estimate is that ninety percent of all contracts contain arbitration clauses.5Section 1782 of Title 28 of the United States Code grants U.S. district courts the authority to provide discovery assistance to and foreign tribunals.6 scholar provided a succinct overview of § 1782's powerful scope: statute boldly authorizes the use of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure - specifically, the rules governing the discovery of documents and information in U.S. federal courts - to assist a 'foreign tribunal' . . . with securing documents or deposition testimony from persons or entities present ... in the United States.7Congress first provided judicial assistance to foreign tribunals in 1855 through the use of letters rogatory via diplomatic channels.8 Over the next 100 years, congressional amendments broadened the ability of U.S. courts to provide judicial assistance by eliminating previous statutory requirements.9 the late 1950s, Congress acknowledged that an increase in commercial and financial transactions required a 'comprehensive study' of the optimal level of judicial assistance.10 Congress created the Commission on International Rules of Judicial Procedure (International Rules Commission) to investigate and recommend improvements to U.S. and foreign judicial assistance practices.11In 1964, Congress adopted the International Rules Commission's suggested legislation, which resulted in a complete revision of § 1782. One of the most notable amendments was that federal district courts could order the production of documents or testimony 'for use in a proceeding in a foreign or tribunal.''12 This quoted language replaced judicial proceedings pending in any court in a foreign country with which the United States is at peace.13 In its current form, § 1782(a) reads as follows: The district court of the district in which a person resides or is found may order him to give his testimony or statement or to produce a document or other thing for use in a proceeding in a foreign or tribunal, including criminal investigations conducted before formal accusation. . . .14Currently, the district courts are split on the statutory meaning of tribunal. Specifically, the district courts are split on the issue of whether private arbitral bodies constitute a under § 1782.15 This Note attempts to answer the question of whether private arbitral bodies constitute an international tribunal within the meaning of § 1782. Hans Smit, the dominant drafter16 of the 1964 amendments, takes a clear position, which this Note adopts: word 'tribunal,' clearly encompass[es] private arbitral tribunals . . . [T]he choice of that term was deliberate so as to depart from the text used in the legislation that was amended . . . .17When district courts fail to recognize private arbitral tribunals as § 1782 tribunals, it deprives would-be § 1782 petitioners from potential documents that can, at times, be dispositive to the adjudication outcome. …" @default.
• W3193874605 created "2021-08-30" @default.
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• W3193874605 date "2010-10-01" @default.
• W3193874605 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W3193874605 title "If It Looks Like a Duck ... : PrivateInternational Arbitral Bodies AreAdjudicatory Tribunals Under28 U.S.C. § 1782(a)" @default.
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