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- W3196716679 abstract "Abstract Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a seafood-borne illness, which is produced by the consumption of fisheries products with accumulated lipid-soluble toxins or ciguatoxin (CTX)-group toxins. CTX-group toxins occur in fish, resulting in the biotransformation of precursory gambiertoxins (GTXs) produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus. CTX-group toxins are mainly found in Pacific, Caribbean, and Indian Ocean regions and are classified as Pacific (P), Caribbean (C), and Indian (I) Ocean. For the first time, CTX-group toxins were identified in fish in Europe. The goal of this review chapter is to provide information about chemical structures and properties of CTXs, occurrence and accumulation in seafood, toxicity of ciguatera, diagnosis, treatment, prevention of CFP, and food safety aspects. Currently, there are regulatory limits (i.e., legal threshold for toxin content) for CTX-group toxins in fish in European Union and United States, but the regulation requires that no fish products containing CTX-group toxins are placed on the market. The European Food Safety Authority established a concentration limit of 0.01 µg P-CTX-1 eq/kg fish, to cover all CTX-group toxins and the Food and Drug Administration established 0.01 μg for CTX1B eq/kg; and 0.1 μg for C-CTX1 eq/kg). With the increase in seafood trade, worldwide seafood consumption, and tourism globalization, the target populations have become international." @default.
- W3196716679 created "2021-09-13" @default.
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- W3196716679 creator A5089833917 @default.
- W3196716679 date "2021-01-01" @default.
- W3196716679 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
- W3196716679 title "Ciguatera toxins: toxicity and food safety" @default.
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- W3196716679 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-85215-9.00019-2" @default.
- W3196716679 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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