Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W3197637209> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W3197637209 abstract "T cell stemness and exhaustion coexist as two key contrasting phenomena during chronic antigen stimulation, such as infection, transplant, cancer, and autoimmunity. T cell exhaustion refers to the progressive loss of effector function caused by chronic antigen exposure. Exhausted T (T EX ) cells highly express multiple inhibitory receptors and exhibit severe defects in cell proliferation and cytokine production. The term T cell stemness describes the stem cell-like behaviors of T cells, including self-renewal, multipotency, and functional persistence. It is well accepted that naïve and some memory T cell subsets have stem cell-like properties. When investigating the exhaustive differentiation of T cells in chronic infection and cancer, recent studies highlighted the stemness of “precursors of exhausted” T (T PEX ) cells prior to their terminal differentiation to T EX cells. Clinically successful checkpoint blockades for cancer treatment appear to invigorate antitumor T PEX cells but not T EX cells. Here we discuss the transcriptional and epigenetic regulations of T cell stemness and exhaustion, with a focus on how systems immunology was and will be utilized to define the molecular basis underlying the transition of T PEX to T EX cells. We suggest a “stepwise model” of T cell stemness and exhaustion, in which loss of stemness and exhaustion progression are gradual multi-step processes. We provide perspectives on the research needed to define T cell stemness and exhaustion in the transplantation setting, in which allogenic T cells are also chronically exposed to alloantigens. A better understanding of T cell stemness and exhaustion will shed light on developing novel strategies for immunotherapies." @default.
- W3197637209 created "2021-09-13" @default.
- W3197637209 creator A5060076532 @default.
- W3197637209 creator A5081512958 @default.
- W3197637209 creator A5087578121 @default.
- W3197637209 creator A5089753425 @default.
- W3197637209 date "2021-08-26" @default.
- W3197637209 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W3197637209 title "Schrödinger’s T Cells: Molecular Insights Into Stemness and Exhaustion" @default.
- W3197637209 cites W1964598084 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W1965247885 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W1973491977 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W1976460197 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W1981291019 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W1981542309 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W1997241837 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2004663864 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2016789384 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2018775174 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2020604513 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2023003954 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2030099809 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2033505817 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2038067604 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2043793366 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2053463299 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2054119257 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2056100438 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2057718072 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2060838652 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2065779229 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2071548401 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2077184259 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2083331853 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2085887337 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2095387359 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2098020683 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2107598346 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2119896120 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2138073407 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2144796561 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2147605136 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2150492554 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2154911070 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2156026365 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2164462649 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2189753730 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2299019178 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2301131921 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2303235652 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2346160763 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2466489190 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2501034558 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2506616866 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2519107733 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2541574334 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2545009331 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2553358001 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2571924900 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2572174216 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2592935721 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2602237780 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2606693187 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2616155686 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2624831627 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2773141414 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2774214122 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2782711761 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2785594347 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2796260135 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2810097927 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2898120081 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2907549567 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2909486828 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2912622629 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2916567659 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2916738215 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2917547201 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2924300946 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2947617159 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2950413690 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2951520325 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2951598503 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2952815301 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2969408052 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2975736685 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2977508467 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2978325001 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2979874482 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2983982679 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2984591897 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2992738455 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W2993199553 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W3010719938 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W3013298623 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W3015280881 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W3020888809 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W3038223554 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W3081092387 @default.
- W3197637209 cites W3085213187 @default.