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- W3200735331 abstract "AMR (Antimicrobial resistance) is the ability of any microorganism to change over time and no longer respond to medicines making the treatment of the infections harder and henceforth increasing the risk of spreading the disease increases manifold and this can lead to severe illness, complications and even death. These microorganisms when they develop resistance towards certain medicine, making them unusable, are sometimes referred to as “superbugs”.[1]Nowadays, we are extensively using antimicrobials specially antibiotics for the treatment of various diseases in animals and humans and to increase the feed efficiency of animals. But only 10% of the total antibiotic consumed is absorbed by the body, the rest is excreted out in the environment causing widespread AMR (Anti-microbial Resistance). As now there are very few water treatment plants that are able to degrade or trap these excreted antibiotics in water, so they are left untreated and released into water bodies. From there they infect the marine life causing widespread mutation and genetic issues amongst aquatic animals and when this water comes to humans with the antibiotic content causing various issues and mutation and issues in humans as well.[2]AOPs (Advanced Oxidation processes) have gained a tremendous popularity in past year for waste water treatment due to its cost effectiveness as well as fast degradation of the pollutant molecules. various materials like metal oxides, metals, MOFs (Metal Organic Framework) have been employed under AOPs for removal of pollutant and toxic organic species from water. Amongst these most commonly used are MnO2 and Fe-MIL 100 as they can non selectively generate hydroxyl species.[3–5]In this work we put forward a new green catalytic system consisting of Mn based nano sheets and an Iron based MOF (Metal Organic Framework) to complete degrade the Amoxicillin antibiotic. Both of the materials exhibit excellent porosity and catalytic activity. Correspondingly, both the materials are non-toxic in nature as they consist of Manganese, iron, carbon, hydrogen etc which are abundantly found in the environment. The said catalysts is known for having poor solubility and in future can be easily separable from the reaction mixture. The catalysts are ecologically reusable, so there are very less chances of environmental toxicology with respect to both the materials. SEM, XRD, UV and FTIR studies were exploited for characterization of both the catalysts. FTIR and SEM studies were carried out before and after degradation to ascertain the catalytic activities of both the materials. 91 % amoxicillin is degraded within 1.5hours under ambient conditions without any residual bioproduct.SEM studies also revealed that the structures of the catalysts were not affected even after the interaction of Amoxicillin of up to 5 times and henceforth the catalytic activity remained intact. Degradation process was followed using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and UV-Visible spectroscopy which was finally validated by HPLC. The residual Amoxicillin up to 20 ppm in the reaction mixture can be rapidly estimated using electrochemistry (DPV), and the results are validated by UV-Visible spectroscopy as well as HPLC measurement and lies with 10 % variation. The below figure shows the mineralisation of the amoxicillin antibiotic after its 1.5hour interaction with the composite catalytic system.it can be clearly observed that the peaks representing the bonding present in amoxicillin molecules gets broken after the interaction leading to its almost complete mineralisation.Herein after the degradation of Amoxicillin antibiotics, no harmful by-products as in environmentally toxic products are obtained and most of the amoxicillin antibiotic is converted into CO2 and H2O.Also, the expected degradation pathways by which amoxicillin is degraded is also calculated and shown.References[1] Qian Y, Gao P, Xue G, Liu Z, Chen J. Oxidation of Cefalexin by Permanganate : Reaction Kinetics , Mechanism , and Residual 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23082015.[2] Amann S, Neef K, Kohl S. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Eur J Hosp Pharm 2019;26:175–7. https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2018-001820.[3] Liu W, Sutton NB, Rijnaarts HHM, Langenhoff AAM. Pharmaceutical removal from water with iron- or manganese- based technologies : A review 2016;3389. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2016.1251236.[4] Lv H, Zhao H, Cao T, Qian L, Wang Y, Zhao G. Efficient degradation of high concentration azo-dye wastewater by heterogeneous Fenton process with iron-based metal-organic framework. J Mol Catal A Chem 2015;400:81–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2015.02.007.[5] Zhang F, Shi J, Jin Y, Fu Y, Zhong Y, Zhu W. Facile synthesis of MIL-100 ( Fe ) under HF-free conditions and its application in the acetalization of aldehydes with diols. Chem Eng J 2014;100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.07.119." @default.
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- W3200735331 date "2021-09-16" @default.
- W3200735331 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W3200735331 title "A Unique catalytic system for complete degradation & rapid electrochemical estimation of non-biodegradable Amoxicillin at ambient conditions." @default.
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