FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W3201628802> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W3201628802 endingPage "3016" @default.
• W3201628802 startingPage "3015" @default.
• W3201628802 abstract "To the Editor: As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to expand in many countries, and the more transmissible variants emerged, the second wave could be more severe and result in a greater peak of infection and mortality. There is an urgent need to develop effective vaccines, which remains a critical tool to control the pandemic. Vaccination is equally important in areas where outbreaks persist and in well-controlled countries. Many vaccines are in development and phase III clinical trial testing, which are being administered to adult populations only. As of April 4, 2021, a total of 604,032,357 vaccine doses have been administered, reported by World Health Organization.[1] While in China, there are five vaccines in phase III clinical trials, in which CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China), an inactivated vaccine and the recombinant tandem-repeat dimeric receptor binding domain-based protein subunit vaccine (ZF2001; Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hefei, China), has demonstrated to be well tolerated and immunogenic. Vaccination of healthcare personnel (HCP) and common adults has been promoted widely in China. Then comes the question: When will the children be vaccinated? If we want to formulate our national severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immunization strategy, children should not be forgotten because herd immunity could be reached once if about 60% of the population is immunized. Vaccinating children could have beneficial knock-on effects in the wider community through blocking transmission of COVID-19. Moreover, children and adolescents might soon be contributing more to the spread due to the emergence of faster-spreading variants, along with rising adult vaccination rates in many areas. Though no direct evidence was found regarding the transmission from children to adults, the risk of family cluster transmission from children harboring virus and hygiene practices in these young children are difficult to achieve which should be taken into consideration in policy making for epidemic control. But early adult trials showed that people who received the vaccine could develop “enhanced disease” if they later became infected, and thromboembolic events potentially linked to the Oxford-AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson vaccines have aroused concern. When there will be a vaccine approved for children remains uncertain. There are five different vaccine production platforms for COVID-19, live attenuated vaccine/the whole virus, inactivated virus vaccine, sub-unit vaccine, viral vector-based vaccine, and RNA/DNA vaccine. Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna have now enrolled teens in clinical trials of their vaccines (ClinicalTrials.gov; Nos. NCT04368728, NCT04649151, and NCT04796896). A randomized, double-blinded, single-center, placebo-controlled phase 1 and 2 clinical trial in children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years (ClinicalTrials.gov; No. NCT04551547) in China has an estimated primary completion date of September 2021. Among vaccines in ongoing clinical trials in children, Pfizer and Moderna's vaccines use mRNA technology, which have high immunogenicity, capacity for rapid development, and potential for low-cost manufacture, but these vaccines require ultra-cold storage, which makes the vaccine tricky to ship to remote regions. While Sinovac vaccine works differently, it is an inactivated virus vaccine. It has the pre-existing technology and has already been tested for SARS-CoV and other diseases, which makes it safe and stable, but otherwise the inactivated vaccine requires the booster shots to maintain the immunity. Safety and effectiveness are the two most important issues of vaccines. Considering the timing of disclosure of the results of these trials [Table 1], vaccination of children in China has already started. Table 1 - The present coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines for children. Identifier/status Sponsor Country Biological Eligible age Estimated completion date NCT04368728 (Recruiting) BioNTech/Pfizer United States RNA vaccineBNT162b1/b2 ≥12 years October 29, 2021 (primary) April 6, 2023 (final) NCT04649151 (Active, not recruiting) Moderna United States mRNA-1273 12 to <18 years June 30, 2022 NCT04796896 (Recruiting) Moderna United States mRNA-1273 6 months to <12 years June 10, 2023 NCT04551547 (Recruiting) Sinovac China Inactivated vaccine 3–17 years February, 2021 (primary) September, 2021 (final) Another problem concerned is vaccine hesitancy, which is a long-standing issue reported in >90% of countries in the world. Countries where acceptance >80% tended to be Asian nations with strong trust to central governments (China, Korea, and Singapore). Leng et al[2] found that vaccine effectiveness, side-effects, and proportion of acquaintances vaccinated were the most important factors that influence the public's preferences for COVID-19 vaccination in China. Similar study revealed that high effectiveness of the vaccine and the long protective duration were the first two factors affecting the individual preference for the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in China.[3] While another study showed that information about vaccination safety from authoritative sources, doctor's recommendations, and vaccination convenience play an important role in vaccine hesitancy in China.[4] To be mandatory or not is a big question facing public health decision makers. In the USA, state regulations mandate that children cannot attend school if they are not vaccinated. School immunization mandates are also a traditional, well-established rule in China. There are different voices about whether to mandate COVID-19 vaccination of children or not.[5,6] Supporters mainly focus on the role of children contributing to spread, the chance of developing severe forms of COVID-19 like multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children, and the protection of vaccine. While the opponents list the concern of the safety and effectiveness of the vaccines, different immune responses of children, and ethical considerations. We can also draw lessons from the policy and guidelines of other vaccines, like influenza, to optimize the COVID-19 vaccine administration. Vaccination of children for COVID-19 will eventually come, while making pediatric vaccination mandatory is not only about medicine and ethics but also a concern of socio-economic distress. Considering the severe burden of morbidity, mortality, and socio-economic distress caused by COVID-19, though there are some concerns, we believe that vaccinating children is our best hope to control COVID-19. When a safe and effective vaccine for children is developed, countries and regions with different epidemic situations can formulate different vaccination strategies for children. Like in China, where the epidemic is well controlled, voluntary vaccination may be a good choice. While in areas with severe epidemic, compulsory policies would be more reasonable. Furthermore, some issues that impact vaccination decisions in certain subgroups of children also need to be concerned, especially those with autoimmune diseases receiving immunosuppressive regimens. Even if people are widely vaccinated, behaviors like mask wearing and social distancing should not be abandoned. Collaborative efforts of governments, health policy makers, and HCP will always be needed. Conflicts of interest None." @default.
• W3201628802 created "2021-09-27" @default.
• W3201628802 creator A5048279362 @default.
• W3201628802 creator A5049705709 @default.
• W3201628802 creator A5063985740 @default.
• W3201628802 date "2021-09-21" @default.
• W3201628802 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3201628802 title "Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine for children in China: when to start? Mandatory or voluntary?" @default.
• W3201628802 cites W3084549970 @default.
• W3201628802 cites W3090353722 @default.
• W3201628802 cites W3112688176 @default.
• W3201628802 cites W3131051888 @default.
• W3201628802 cites W3133502116 @default.
• W3201628802 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/cm9.0000000000001779" @default.
• W3201628802 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34561329" @default.
• W3201628802 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
• W3201628802 type Work @default.
• W3201628802 sameAs 3201628802 @default.
• W3201628802 citedByCount "4" @default.
• W3201628802 countsByYear W32016288022021 @default.
• W3201628802 countsByYear W32016288022022 @default.
• W3201628802 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W3201628802 hasAuthorship W3201628802A5048279362 @default.
• W3201628802 hasAuthorship W3201628802A5049705709 @default.
• W3201628802 hasAuthorship W3201628802A5063985740 @default.
• W3201628802 hasBestOaLocation W32016288021 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C116675565 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C126322002 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C159047783 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C187736073 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C191935318 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C26077564 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C2777648638 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C2779134260 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C3006700255 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C3007834351 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C3008058167 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C524204448 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConcept C99454951 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C116675565 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C126322002 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C159047783 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C162324750 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C17744445 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C187736073 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C191935318 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C199539241 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C26077564 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C2777648638 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C2779134260 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C3006700255 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C3007834351 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C3008058167 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C524204448 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C71924100 @default.
• W3201628802 hasConceptScore W3201628802C99454951 @default.
• W3201628802 hasIssue "24" @default.
• W3201628802 hasLocation W32016288021 @default.
• W3201628802 hasLocation W32016288022 @default.
• W3201628802 hasLocation W32016288023 @default.
• W3201628802 hasLocation W32016288024 @default.
• W3201628802 hasLocation W32016288025 @default.
• W3201628802 hasOpenAccess W3201628802 @default.
• W3201628802 hasPrimaryLocation W32016288021 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3013048436 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3020699490 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3084498529 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3119779361 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3124487864 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3134376730 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3138412354 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3156800464 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W4210401150 @default.
• W3201628802 hasRelatedWork W3127156785 @default.
• W3201628802 hasVolume "134" @default.
• W3201628802 isParatext "false" @default.
• W3201628802 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W3201628802 magId "3201628802" @default.
• W3201628802 workType "article" @default.