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- W3201861053 abstract "Objective: To validate the causative role of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) in triggering the autoimmune event leading to anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis. Background: We describe an infant with a recent history of HSV encephalitis leading to generalized choreiform movements,who was positive for anti-N methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies. Design/Methods: Case report obtained from a pediatric patient referred to University of Kentucky. Results: A 7-month-old girl presented with fever and seizures in April 2019 and was diagnosed with HSV encephalitis. She was treated with 21-day course of acyclovir, and was discharged home on levetiracetam and lacosamide. In August 2019, she was readmitted with abnormal movements of upper extremities. On examination choreiform movements of left arm and spasticity on right side of the body is noted. The EEG showed frequent spike and wave activity in the left anterior, mid-temporal and right temporal regions in addition to irregular generalized spike activity. Movements are predominantly choreiform type and less frequently dystonic. On further testing, NMDA receptor antibody levels are significantly elevated, and a diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis following herpes encephalitis was established. Family was not interested in immunotherapy, nonetheless, in the following weeks post discharge, she experienced spontaneous resolution of her symptoms. Conclusions: This pediatric case serves as an evidence in proving HSV infection as one of the triggers for autoimmune encephalitis. Movement disorders in infants are difficult to diagnose, overlapping symptoms from seizures or cerebral palsy can make it further difficult. Relapsing symptoms post herpes simplex virus encephalitis should raise a high clinical suspicion of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and clinicians should be cautious as this condition can often be misdiagnosed in infants. Current treatment options are limited to immunotherapy and there is an unmet need for more research in pediatric population to improve the diagnosis and treatment. Disclosure: Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Guduru has nothing to disclose. Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose." @default.
- W3201861053 created "2021-10-11" @default.
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- W3201861053 date "2020-04-14" @default.
- W3201861053 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W3201861053 title "Infant presenting with Autoimmune NMDA Positive encephalitis secondary to Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: A Case Report (1103)" @default.
- W3201861053 hasPublicationYear "2020" @default.
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