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- W3203694314 abstract "The energy levels of 4 f ground states for trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln 3+ ) in CaMO 3 (M=Ti, Sn, Zr, Hf) are examined using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Some Ln 3+ 4 f energy levels referred to the valence band maximum (VBM), especially for Tb 3+ , are evaluated from the Ln 3+ 4 f states extracted by the difference XPS spectra between nondoped and Ln 3+ ‐doped materials. The energy position of the zigzag curves for the Ln 3+ 4 f energy levels are referred to the Tb 3+ 4 f energy levels obtained from the XPS measurements. Energy gaps and Ln 2+ 4 f energy levels are also estimated from the absorption and photoluminescence excitation spectra of nondoped and Eu 3+ ‐doped materials. On the basis of the experimental values, the energy diagrams aligned at the VBM are illustrated and compared to understand the Ln 4 f energy levels in the electronic structures of the perovskite‐type calcium‐based double oxides." @default.
- W3203694314 created "2021-10-11" @default.
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- W3203694314 date "2021-10-13" @default.
- W3203694314 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W3203694314 title "Energy Diagrams of Lanthanide Energy Levels in Perovskite‐Type Calcium‐Based Double Oxides Examined by X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy" @default.
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- W3203694314 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.202100450" @default.
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