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- W3204013548 abstract "A series of investigations was conducted that investigated alterations incorticomotor excitability in response to active and passive movement of the upperlimb. In the initial experiments, carried out in neurologically intact individuals,transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was delivered over the motor cortex duringpassive, rhythmic flexion-extension movements of the contralateral wrist joint. Theamplitude of evoked responses recorded in a forearm flexor muscle was modulatedduring the movement cycle such that facilitation was evident when the wrist joint wasflexing. The extent of modulation was greater at higher movement frequencies,suggesting that muscle spindle output contributed to the phasic nature of responseamplitude. The concurrent presence of modulations in intracortical inhibition and thepersistence of phasic alterations in response amplitude during tonic muscle activationindicate a possible supraspinal component to the alterations in corticomotorexcitability.The passive movement paradigm was also applied to individuals withParkinson's disease, a population with known kinesthetic deficits. The same pattern ofresponse modulation in the foream muscle was present during passive wristmovement in the patient group, however the extent of modulation was significantlyless than that seen in a control group. This abnormal sensorimotor integration maycontribute to reduced lunesthetic ability and movement amplitude scaling in thispopulation.The remaining experiments focussed on potential upper-limb rehabilitationstrategies for post-stroke hemiparetics. Given the possible influence of movementelicited afference on cortical circuits suggested by the earlier investigations, the effect of a 30 minute session of imposed wrist joint movement on the cortical representationof a forearm flexor muscle was investigated. In intact individuals an increase in mapvolume was evident after the passive movement period. Similar enlargements in mapvolume were also noted in the majority of the stroke patients tested, although thisappeared to be constrained to those individuals with moderate functional impairmentsand relatively intact responses to TMS. The final two studies investigated theimmediate and long-term behavioural and neurophysiological responses tosimultaneous bilateral activation in indviduals post-stroke. There was limitedevidence to suggest that bimanual training therapies may improve certain aspects ofmovement performance in hemiparetic populations, although the neural mechanismsbehind this remain uncertain." @default.
- W3204013548 created "2021-10-11" @default.
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- W3204013548 date "2003-01-01" @default.
- W3204013548 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W3204013548 title "Neurophysiological and behavioural aspects of upper limb movement in intact and neurologically impaired individuals" @default.
- W3204013548 hasPublicationYear "2003" @default.
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