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- W3204984767 abstract "On April 15, 2013, the Boston Marathon was in full swing when at 2:49 p.m., near the finish line on Boylston Street, two improvised explosive devices detonated just 12 seconds apart. The blasts killed three people, injured over 200, and inflicted considerable shock and concern across the country. As first responders rushed to the scene to treat victims, news of the terrorist attack spread via traditional media outlets as well as social media. Many citizens sought out information on what was happening and, in addition, advice on how to protect themselves and their families. Government agencies obliged via social media with advisories, road closure updates, and other relevant information (Sutton, Johnson, Spiro, & Butts, 2013). Law enforcement agencies specifically sought citizen involvement to identify the perpetrators. The result was an engaged population which more closely followed and participated in the subsequent manhunt. The Boston Marathon bombing represents just one crisis in which social media directly link response agencies with the constituents they serve. These types of examples suggest that social media holds significant value as a crisis communication tool both for government agencies and citizens. Furthermore, research findings and guidance from early adopters such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) suggest that social media platforms provide value as a means to promote preparedness and risk reduction well before a disaster occurs (Crowe, 2012; FEMA, 2013; Mergel, 2014; Wukich & Mergel, forthcoming). In this chapter, we demonstrate how social media sites contribute to emergency management before, during, and after disasters, enumerating three specific approaches outlined by the existing literature: (1) information dissemination; (2) intelligence gathering; and (3) use of social media to engage in conversations that may lead to the co-production of public goods and services. This framework conforms with past research (see Wukich, forthcoming), and represents specific phases of social media use that move from one-way communication tactics to more interactive and deliberative strategies that engage an array of actors (see Wukich & Mergel, forthcoming). We then provide specific examples from both academic research and news reporting that span mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery operations and conclude by discussing the limitations of social media use in emergency management." @default.
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- W3204984767 date "2016-03-10" @default.
- W3204984767 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W3204984767 title "Social Media for Emergency Management" @default.
- W3204984767 doi "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315643564-21" @default.
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