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- W3205060455 endingPage "106468" @default.
- W3205060455 startingPage "106468" @default.
- W3205060455 abstract "High energy consumption, operational costs, greenhouse gas emissions, excessive external COD, and waste-activated sludge production have become significant concerns for municipal wastewater treatment. Autotrophic nitrogen removal is a hotspot of wastewater treatment research because of lowering costs and environmental footprints of existing plants. This review paper strongly supports the feasibility of municipal wastewater treatment with partial nitrification/anammox (PN/AMX), known as mainstream autotrophic deammonification. To date, its feasibility for treating sewage in temperate climates to reach high-rate nitrogen removal and standard effluent quality has not yet been widely confirmed at full-scale plants. Strategies given in the study shed light on the possible way to towered sustainable municipal wastewater reclamation. This review discusses the acclimatization of bacteria to low temperatures (<15 °C) by stepwise temperature reductions and a combination of bioaugmentation with gradual adaptation techniques. Microaerobic intermittent aeration with step-feed strategy, real-time control of aeration duration and managing competing substrates such as carbon- and essential substrates management based on cross-feeding between different genera at low temperatures are also side-by-side explained. Finally, this review recommends a four-stage solution for long-term nitrogen removal for every municipal WWTP." @default.
- W3205060455 created "2021-10-25" @default.
- W3205060455 creator A5015301106 @default.
- W3205060455 creator A5019008709 @default.
- W3205060455 creator A5033207818 @default.
- W3205060455 creator A5063739888 @default.
- W3205060455 date "2021-12-01" @default.
- W3205060455 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
- W3205060455 title "A technical review on the adaptability of mainstream partial nitrification and anammox: Substrate management and aeration control in cold weather" @default.
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