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• W3206082016 abstract "In spin ice, the model of magnetic monopoles arises as a transformation of the dipolar spin ice Hamiltonian developed for materials such as Dy(_{2})Ti(_{2})O(_{7}) and Ho(_{2})Ti(_{2})O(_{7}). The treatment of spin ice in terms of an effective theory of emergent monopoles presents both theoretical and experimental challenges. In this chapter we give ‘monopole theory’ a precise definition which allows us to critically assess the extent to which magnetic monopoles have been observed in experiment. We start by answering some basic questions: what magnetic monopoles are, whether or not they are quasiparticles, to what extent they form a ‘magnetic electrolyte’ and what it means to observe them. We then introduce the main experimental techniques and their relation with the monopole theory, before comparing experimental results on the canonical spin ices Ho(_{2})Ti(_{2})O(_{7}) and Dy(_{2})Ti(_{2})O(_{7}) with theoretical expectations. We conclude with some comments on different viewpoints on magnetic monopoles, different definitions and disagreements in the literature. Our main conclusion is that the monopole theory is strongly supported by experiment. The Chapter is organised as follows: 8.1 Introduction What are magnetic monopoles in spin ice? Magnetic monopoles as quasiparticles. Confirmation or falsification of monopole theory. Spin ice as a magnetic electrolyte. Direct observation of magnetic monopoles. 8.2 Quantities available to experiment Equilibrium thermodynamics. Linear response and non-equlibrium thermodynamics. 8.3 Experiments in weak applied fields Magnetisation correlations measured by neutron scattering. Specific heat. dc-Susceptibility. ac-Susceptibility. Summary: success and failures of the monopole theory in the weak field regime. 8.4 Experiments in strong applied fields Monopole condensation with applied field along [111]. Strong field correlations. Strong field sweeps and quenches. 8.5 Monopole derived properties Thermal Conductivity. Field distribution at point probes. Dielectric response. 8.6 Future directions for monopole observation Plasmas. Phonons. New materials. Quantum spin ice. 8.7 Conclusions Different viewpoints. Definitions and disagreements. Final word." @default.
• W3206082016 created "2021-10-25" @default.
• W3206082016 creator A5032382798 @default.
• W3206082016 creator A5033239907 @default.
• W3206082016 date "2021-01-01" @default.
• W3206082016 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W3206082016 title "Experimental Observation of Magnetic Monopoles in Spin Ice" @default.
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