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• W3206095169 abstract "<strong class=journal-contentHeaderColor>Abstract.</strong> Quantification of the radiative adjustment of marine low clouds to aerosol perturbations, regionally and globally, remains the largest source of uncertainty in assessing current and future climate. One of the important steps towards quantifying the role of aerosol in modifying cloud radiative properties is to quantify the susceptibility of cloud albedo and liquid water path (LWP) to perturbations in cloud droplet number concentration (<span class=inline-formula><i>N</i>_d</span>). We use 10 years of spaceborne observations from the polar-orbiting Aqua satellite to quantify the albedo susceptibility of marine low clouds to <span class=inline-formula><i>N</i>_d</span> perturbations over the northeast (NE) Pacific stratocumulus (Sc) region. Mutual information analysis reveals a dominating control of cloud state (e.g., LWP and <span class=inline-formula><i>N</i>_d</span>) on low-cloud albedo susceptibility, relative to the meteorological states that drive these cloud states. Through a LWP–<span class=inline-formula><i>N</i>_d</span> space decomposition of albedo susceptibilities, we show clear separation among susceptibility regimes (brightening or darkening), consistent with previously established mechanisms through which aerosol modulates cloud properties. These regimes include (i) thin non-precipitating clouds (LWP <span class=inline-formula><†55</span> g m<span class=inline-formula>^−2</span>) that exhibit brightening (occurring 37 % of the time), corresponding to the Twomey effect; (ii) thicker non-precipitating clouds, corresponding to entrainment-driven negative LWP adjustments that manifest as a darkening regime (36 % of the time); and (iii) another brightening regime (22 % of the time) consisting of mostly precipitating clouds, corresponding to precipitation-suppression LWP positive adjustments. Overall, we find an annual-mean regional low-cloud brightening potential of <span class=inline-formula>20.8±2.68</span> W m<span class=inline-formula>^−2</span> ln<span class=inline-formula>(<i>N</i>_d)^−1</span>, despite an overall negative LWP adjustment for non-precipitating marine stratocumulus, owing to the high occurrence of the Twomey–brightening regime. Over the NE Pacific, clear seasonal covariabilities among meteorological factors related to the large-scale circulation are found to play an important role in grouping conditions favorable for each susceptibility regime. When considering the covarying meteorological conditions, our results indicate that for the northeastern Pacific stratocumulus, clouds that exhibit the strongest brightening potential occur most frequently within shallow marine boundary layers over a cool ocean surface with a stable atmosphere and a dry free troposphere above. Clouds that exhibit a darkening potential associated with negative LWP adjustments occur most frequently within deep marine boundary layers in which the atmospheric instability and the ocean surface are not strong and warm enough to produce frequent precipitation. Cloud brightening associated with warm-rain suppression is found to preferably occur either under unstable atmospheric conditions or humid free-tropospheric conditions that co-occur with a warm ocean surface." @default.
• W3206095169 created "2021-10-25" @default.
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• W3206095169 date "2021-10-15" @default.
• W3206095169 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W3206095169 title "Comment on acp-2021-754" @default.
• W3206095169 doi "https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-754-rc1" @default.
• W3206095169 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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