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- W3206975981 abstract "FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT DISORDERS Functional motor disorders (FMDs) are abnormal movements (e.g. functional limb weakness, tremor, dystonia) that are significantly altered by distractive maneuvers and are incongruent with movement disorders seen in typical neurological diseases. FMDs have a high prevalence, are still misunderstood, diagnosed with a long delay and not properly treated, causing high degrees of disability and poor quality of life with increasing social and economic costs for both patients and the National Health System. Although movements of patients with FMDs show features physiologically associated with voluntary movement (distractibility, resolution with placebo), these patients report them as being involuntary and not under their control. Stressful life events have been associated with FMDs, but a clear psychological causation may be also absent. Accordingly, in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition,psychological stressors preceding the onset of symptoms are not needed for the diagnosis of functional neurological disorders (FNDs), but positive symptoms and signs should be taken into account. The pathophysiology of FMDs remains largely unknown. In this last decade several neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies have shown dysfunction in attentional focus, in beliefs/expectations, and in sense of agency as the three key pathogenetic processes. Future research is needed to develop new methods aimed at detecting and quantifying functional processes, at delineating their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and at understanding how these mechanisms result in functional symptoms." @default.
- W3206975981 created "2021-10-25" @default.
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- W3206975981 date "2021-10-01" @default.
- W3206975981 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W3206975981 title "Functional movement disorders" @default.
- W3206975981 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2021.117957" @default.
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