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- W3207134346 abstract "The Phanerozoic represents the last 540 million years and we present paleogeographic maps from Cambrian to recent times with a focus on the assembly and dispersal of Pangea, the most recent supercontinent on our planet. A greenhouse climate dominated the Phanerozoic, only interrupted by three major periods of cold (icehouse) conditions, in the End-Ordovician (Hirnantian), Permo-Carboniferous, and the second half of the Cenozoic. In the Early Phanerozoic nearly all the continents were located in the southern hemisphere, and with Gondwana (the largest continental unit) stretching from the south pole to the equator. The Panthalassic Ocean dominated the northern hemisphere, but another important Ocean—the Iapetus—which extended between Laurentia, on the one side, and Baltica and Gondwana on the other, closed progressively throughout the Ordovician, disappearing entirely during the mid-Silurian when Baltica and Avalonia collided with Laurentia to form Laurussia. Another significant Ocean—the Rheic—opened at ~480 Ma between Gondwana and the Avalonia terranes and remained an important ocean until ~320 Ma when Gondwana, Laurussia, and intervening terranes collided to form the Pangea supercontinent. Pangea never included all the continents at any one time, and already in Permian times many former peri-Gondwanan terranes drifted off the north-east Gondwana margin, commencing the opening of the Neotethys Ocean. But the most important phase of Pangea break-up started when the Central Atlantic Ocean opened in the Early Jurassic at ~195 Ma. Pangea break-up mostly occurred along former sutures and was clearly assisted by extensive large igneous province volcanism, which was sourced by deep plumes." @default.
- W3207134346 created "2021-10-25" @default.
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- W3207134346 date "2021-01-01" @default.
- W3207134346 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W3207134346 title "Phanerozoic paleogeography and Pangea" @default.
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- W3207134346 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-818533-9.00003-5" @default.
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