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- W3207193145 abstract "Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are drugs that inhibit calcineurin, a key phosphatase that dephosphorylates a transcription factor called the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), allowing its translocation into the nucleus of quiescent T cells. In the nucleus, NFAT activates interleukin 2, which stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of T-cells. CNIs can also stabilize the actin cytoskeleton of podocytes reducing proteinuria. Thanks to these characteristics, CNIs have been often used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, the therapeutic index of CNIs is narrow, and their interactions with other drugs can increase toxicity or reduce efficacy. In lupus nephritis, cyclosporine and tacrolimus have been used both in induction and maintenance therapies. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials showed that both cyclosporine and tacrolimus can increase efficacy. Tolerance is satisfactory if low doses are used and the patient is carefully monitored. More recently, a new CNI, called voclosporin (VCS), has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in lupus nephritis. VCS offers potential advantages over other CNIs. In two large multiethnic trials, VCS was not associated with adverse renal and metabolic events and obtained positive results despite a novel and rapid corticosteroid tapering regime." @default.
- W3207193145 created "2021-10-25" @default.
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- W3207193145 creator A5046139338 @default.
- W3207193145 creator A5064722801 @default.
- W3207193145 date "2021-10-21" @default.
- W3207193145 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W3207193145 title "Old and New Calcineurin Inhibitors in Lupus Nephritis" @default.
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- W3207193145 doi "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10214832" @default.
- W3207193145 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8584552" @default.
- W3207193145 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34768354" @default.
- W3207193145 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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