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• W3207798322 abstract "Salamanders are unique among tetrapods in their ability to regenerate their limbs throughout life. Like other poikilothermic amphibians, salamanders also show a remarkable capacity to survive long periods of starvation. Whether the physiological reserves necessary for tissue regeneration are preserved or sacrificed in starved salamanders is unknown. In the current study, we maintained Iberian ribbed newts ( Pleurodeles waltl) under extreme physiological stress to assess the extent of regeneration and identify the molecular and cellular changes that may occur under such conditions. After 19 months of complete food deprivation, the animals exhibited extensive morphological and physiological adaptations but remained behaviorally active and vigilant. Autophagy was elevated in different tissues and the transformed gut microbiota indicated remodeling of the intestinal tract related to autophagy. Upon limb amputation in animals starved for 21 months, regeneration proceeded with progenitor cell proliferation and migration, leading to limb blastema formation. However, limb outgrowth and patterning were substantially attenuated. Blockage of autophagy inhibited cell proliferation and blastema formation in starved animals, but not in fed animals. Hence, tissue autophagy and the regenerative response were tightly coupled only when animals were under stress. Our results demonstrate that under adverse conditions, salamanders can exploit alternative strategies to secure blastema formation for limb regeneration.两栖类蝾螈具有独特的肢体再生能力。与其他两栖类动物类似，蝾螈也拥有极强的饥饿耐受能力。在饥饿的蝾螈体内，肢体再生是否能正常进行，禁食后蝾螈如何利用物质储存来促进再生还不得而知。我们对西班牙肋突螈 ( Pleurodeles waltl) 进行长期禁食处理，使其处于极端饥饿的状态，然后检测其断肢再生能力。经过长达近两年的禁食，动物形态与生理状态都发生了显著的变化，但仍能保持正常机体功能。禁食动物各种组织内的自噬水平都有所上升，肠道微生物的重塑也与细胞自噬相关。对禁食的动物进行截肢手术后，发生了大量细胞增殖并生成了再生芽基，但是再生的速率比正常喂食组有所减弱。在禁食动物中抑制自噬，能够减缓细胞增殖与再生芽基生成，而自噬抑制对正常饲喂动物的再生过程没有影响。因此，只有在动物处于禁食压力下，细胞自噬对断肢再生才是必须的。而在正常情况下，蝾螈的肢体再生不需要细胞自噬。我们的结果证明了当蝾螈处于不利条件下，其仍能通过动用其他替代途径为肢体再生提供所需的物质与能量。." @default.
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• W3207798322 date "2021-01-01" @default.
• W3207798322 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W3207798322 title "Altered metabolic state impedes limb regeneration in salamanders" @default.
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• W3207798322 doi "https://doi.org/10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.186" @default.
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