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• W3208253182 abstract "I was on Twitter recently, and while scanning my feed, I came across an interesting press release regarding a recent publication in Nano Letters (yes, I also read works outside of Matter and Cell Press). The title exclaimed “nanoscale defects could boost energy storage materials” and discussed how previously undetected crystal defects and dislocations enhance the performance of solid-state electrolytes. Pondering this for a few moments, I realized that defects, flaws, and weaknesses are not always a detrimental thing in materials science.As examples, both defects in graphene (so-called 5–7 defects, or larger vacancies) and single-atom inclusions on surfaces have be exploited as active host-sites for catalysis. For metals, it is well-known that decreasing grain size (and thus increasing the grain boundary density) increases strength. Steel itself is effectively iron with a few carbon defects in the mix. In biological materials, weak elements in the material (such as H-bonds) are frequently arranged in order to provide maximum strength and toughness. It is advantageous that we find ways to leverage material flaws, defects, and weaknesses, as they are unavoidable from a thermodynamic perspective. Take a mole of atoms, throw in some entropy, and there’s bound to be a few vacancies and errors. Imperfections exist and—as scientists—we may as well accept them and use them. With this train of thought, I proceeded to Google the phrase “accepting imperfections,” and that led me to an interesting concept: wabi sabi.In traditional Japanese aesthetics, wabi sabi is an ethos centered on the acceptance of transience and imperfection. The aesthetic is sometimes described as one of appreciating beauty that is “imperfect, impermanent, and incomplete” in nature. In science, from the underlying thermodynamics, these imperfections are not manifested from the sloppiness of a grad student or postdoc during fabrication, but from the very nature of materials and processes. What we may refer to as deviation from an ideal (i.e., imperfect) is simply a feature, not a bug. More than just an aesthetic, wabi sabi is a way of life, recognizing, accepting, and embracing the imperfectness. In design, imperfections arise as cracks or asymmetries, discolorations, and patinas—they are natural, organic, and unfinished. Wabi sabi can change our perception of the world to the extent that a chip or crack in a vase makes it more interesting and gives the object greater value. Perfect is boring.For materials scientists, this has become all too clear. Interesting behavior lies at the defects—when material order (symmetry and/or crystallinity) is broken or changed, interesting phenomenon tends to emerge. Defect engineering is an exciting area of research. A material’s flaw tolerance is critical for its performance. Understanding how materials fail—typically initiated at imperfections—are essential to implementing them in systems and practical applications. Indeed, accepting, predicting, exploiting, and fully understanding material imperfections probably accounts for over half the field of materials science. Perfect is boring.Beyond physical matter, the idea of accepting imperfection can also be applied to the endeavor of research itself. Much self-imposed stress is placed on researchers seeking the “perfect” experiment. Typically, some idealized structure or behavior or performance is the goal. Reach that goal and the project is “complete,” so-to-speak. Indeed, the entire aspect of peer review can be viewed (from a certain perspective) of finding flaws and weaknesses in a manuscript and its arguments/conclusions and suggesting revisions to make it closer to “perfect” (within its own scope, of course). The closer you look at any study, the more flaws you can uncover. Defects and flaws are present in any work, and a keen and motivated reviewer can find them. Entropy exists in academic research (resulting in imperfections) just as it exists in face-centered cubic metals. It is inevitable—even in iron, man.The history of science, of course, has demonstrated that this ideal is unattainable. This is not to say the works are incorrect, merely that individual studies, projects, and fields are limited. Research is dynamic and a product of its own time. The constant march of scientific progress is incremental, building on the imperfections and, even more apt, the incompleteness, of prior works. Science itself is imperfect, incomplete, and, of course, impermanent—wabi sabi science.Perhaps we are too concentrated on trying to produce the “perfect” study when we really should focus on the results and concepts that move the science forward and inspire additional works and research. Accept the current status quo, imperfections and all. After all, Newton’s equations, while neglecting relativistic effects, are still extremely useful (unless you’re traveling really really fast). They are imperfect, with an intrinsic beauty in their simplicity. Maybe it’s the engineering side of me, but I’m okay with simplified relationships and intrinsic errors (as long as you account for them). Application and technological solutions do not need perfection—they need to function.Perhaps it is in our human nature as innate “problem solvers” that incompleteness stimulates completion, the broken suggests fixing, mistakes demand correction, and a partial collection of examples invites more examples. In science, imperfection has served as a driver for innovation and powers the continuous move toward improvement. Scientists need problems to solve, challenges to meet, and systems to improve. All these aims fail if “perfection” is attained. Science embraces wabi sabi at its core.A wabi sabi worldview promotes the recognition that everything is imperfect, impermanent, and incomplete (even our very notion of perfection) along with a willingness to accept things as they are—nothing is ideal, nothing lasts, and nothing is ever finished. I don’t know what philosophy could encapsulate modern scientific research more flawlessly. I was on Twitter recently, and while scanning my feed, I came across an interesting press release regarding a recent publication in Nano Letters (yes, I also read works outside of Matter and Cell Press). The title exclaimed “nanoscale defects could boost energy storage materials” and discussed how previously undetected crystal defects and dislocations enhance the performance of solid-state electrolytes. Pondering this for a few moments, I realized that defects, flaws, and weaknesses are not always a detrimental thing in materials science. As examples, both defects in graphene (so-called 5–7 defects, or larger vacancies) and single-atom inclusions on surfaces have be exploited as active host-sites for catalysis. For metals, it is well-known that decreasing grain size (and thus increasing the grain boundary density) increases strength. Steel itself is effectively iron with a few carbon defects in the mix. In biological materials, weak elements in the material (such as H-bonds) are frequently arranged in order to provide maximum strength and toughness. It is advantageous that we find ways to leverage material flaws, defects, and weaknesses, as they are unavoidable from a thermodynamic perspective. Take a mole of atoms, throw in some entropy, and there’s bound to be a few vacancies and errors. Imperfections exist and—as scientists—we may as well accept them and use them. With this train of thought, I proceeded to Google the phrase “accepting imperfections,” and that led me to an interesting concept: wabi sabi. In traditional Japanese aesthetics, wabi sabi is an ethos centered on the acceptance of transience and imperfection. The aesthetic is sometimes described as one of appreciating beauty that is “imperfect, impermanent, and incomplete” in nature. In science, from the underlying thermodynamics, these imperfections are not manifested from the sloppiness of a grad student or postdoc during fabrication, but from the very nature of materials and processes. What we may refer to as deviation from an ideal (i.e., imperfect) is simply a feature, not a bug. More than just an aesthetic, wabi sabi is a way of life, recognizing, accepting, and embracing the imperfectness. In design, imperfections arise as cracks or asymmetries, discolorations, and patinas—they are natural, organic, and unfinished. Wabi sabi can change our perception of the world to the extent that a chip or crack in a vase makes it more interesting and gives the object greater value. Perfect is boring. For materials scientists, this has become all too clear. Interesting behavior lies at the defects—when material order (symmetry and/or crystallinity) is broken or changed, interesting phenomenon tends to emerge. Defect engineering is an exciting area of research. A material’s flaw tolerance is critical for its performance. Understanding how materials fail—typically initiated at imperfections—are essential to implementing them in systems and practical applications. Indeed, accepting, predicting, exploiting, and fully understanding material imperfections probably accounts for over half the field of materials science. Perfect is boring. Beyond physical matter, the idea of accepting imperfection can also be applied to the endeavor of research itself. Much self-imposed stress is placed on researchers seeking the “perfect” experiment. Typically, some idealized structure or behavior or performance is the goal. Reach that goal and the project is “complete,” so-to-speak. Indeed, the entire aspect of peer review can be viewed (from a certain perspective) of finding flaws and weaknesses in a manuscript and its arguments/conclusions and suggesting revisions to make it closer to “perfect” (within its own scope, of course). The closer you look at any study, the more flaws you can uncover. Defects and flaws are present in any work, and a keen and motivated reviewer can find them. Entropy exists in academic research (resulting in imperfections) just as it exists in face-centered cubic metals. It is inevitable—even in iron, man. The history of science, of course, has demonstrated that this ideal is unattainable. This is not to say the works are incorrect, merely that individual studies, projects, and fields are limited. Research is dynamic and a product of its own time. The constant march of scientific progress is incremental, building on the imperfections and, even more apt, the incompleteness, of prior works. Science itself is imperfect, incomplete, and, of course, impermanent—wabi sabi science. Perhaps we are too concentrated on trying to produce the “perfect” study when we really should focus on the results and concepts that move the science forward and inspire additional works and research. Accept the current status quo, imperfections and all. After all, Newton’s equations, while neglecting relativistic effects, are still extremely useful (unless you’re traveling really really fast). They are imperfect, with an intrinsic beauty in their simplicity. Maybe it’s the engineering side of me, but I’m okay with simplified relationships and intrinsic errors (as long as you account for them). Application and technological solutions do not need perfection—they need to function. Perhaps it is in our human nature as innate “problem solvers” that incompleteness stimulates completion, the broken suggests fixing, mistakes demand correction, and a partial collection of examples invites more examples. In science, imperfection has served as a driver for innovation and powers the continuous move toward improvement. Scientists need problems to solve, challenges to meet, and systems to improve. All these aims fail if “perfection” is attained. Science embraces wabi sabi at its core. A wabi sabi worldview promotes the recognition that everything is imperfect, impermanent, and incomplete (even our very notion of perfection) along with a willingness to accept things as they are—nothing is ideal, nothing lasts, and nothing is ever finished. I don’t know what philosophy could encapsulate modern scientific research more flawlessly." @default.
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• W3208253182 title "Wabi Sabi Science and Embracing Emperfection" @default.
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