Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W3208448905> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W3208448905 endingPage "387" @default.
- W3208448905 startingPage "374" @default.
- W3208448905 abstract "Human milk is the gold standard for the nutrition of infants. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are structurally diverse sugars highly abundant in human milk but not present in infant formula. The interest in HMOs has gradually increased in recent years due to their beneficial functions on infants. Here we summarize the structures and composition of HMOs, and compare the differences of oligosaccharides in human and other mammals. The absorption and metabolism of HMOs are discussed. Then we discuss existing studies on the functional biology of HMOs. Additionally, the structure-function relationships of HMOs are presented. Finally, this review summarizes the oligosaccharides in recent infant formula as well as limitations and future perspectives of HMOs research. The structures and composition of HMOs are affected by many factors. Large amounts of HMOs are metabolized by gut microbiota, and few are absorbed into circulation to perform physiological functions. Evidences from in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as clinical trials suggest that HMOs modulate gut microbiota, reduce pathogen adhesion, modulate epithelial cell and immune responses, reduce the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis and promote brain development and cognition. The specific structure determines different functions. Currently two HMOs, 2′-fucosyllactose and Lacto-N-Neotetraose, have been demonstrated safe and well-tolerated to be added into infant formula. However, the application in HMOs has been limited due to their insufficient availability. Thus, basic and clinical studies of HMOs need to be further elucidated." @default.
- W3208448905 created "2021-11-08" @default.
- W3208448905 creator A5029360582 @default.
- W3208448905 creator A5044918394 @default.
- W3208448905 creator A5054367508 @default.
- W3208448905 creator A5069975251 @default.
- W3208448905 creator A5070473172 @default.
- W3208448905 creator A5078018786 @default.
- W3208448905 date "2021-12-01" @default.
- W3208448905 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3208448905 title "How far is it from infant formula to human milk? A look at the human milk oligosaccharides" @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1427125429 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1482786199 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1832400618 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1876043523 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1893041692 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1934656702 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1945764404 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1968129831 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1972654494 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1985504995 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1988602129 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1989874363 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1990817481 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W1995450840 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2000311971 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2002079143 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2006204943 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2011768656 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2012917619 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2017988783 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2029636891 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2036304090 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2036323672 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2036636029 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2037379652 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2046867503 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2054911521 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2057086723 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2057766440 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2060248396 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2060872094 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2063263261 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2065217903 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2067398413 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2082107640 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2085821384 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2088800347 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2108103709 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2110706037 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2112458773 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2116880052 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2124226554 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2128956666 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2132831265 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2134080725 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2134709529 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2135014622 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2136666074 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2139787411 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2140844613 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2145228928 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2155927439 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2157171377 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2157542971 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2158324605 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2158791847 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2161832911 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2164092942 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2165561182 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2167581264 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2167692246 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2168448155 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2169709945 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2170007559 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2170154929 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2175740842 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2178584125 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2209218972 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2286603297 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2399677641 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2403497407 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2414522388 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2416628213 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2460412472 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2474139832 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2507520810 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2513325891 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2519433780 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2519644352 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2546284076 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2552391811 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2563601998 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2577303777 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2579028914 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2598642800 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2605107433 @default.
- W3208448905 cites W2605609502 @default.