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• W3208798469 abstract "Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important human pathogen that causes severe lower respiratory tract infections in young children, the elderly, and the immunocompromised, yet no effective treatments or vaccines are available. The precise mechanism underlying RSV-induced acute airway disease and associated sequelae are not fully understood; however, early lung inflammatory and immune events are thought to play a major role in the outcome of the disease. Moreover, oxidative stress responses in the airways play a key role in the pathogenesis of RSV. Oxidative stress has been shown to elevate cytosolic calcium (Ca 2+ ) levels, which in turn activate Ca 2+ -dependent enzymes, including transglutaminase 2 (TG2). Transglutaminase 2 is a multifunctional cross-linking enzyme implicated in various physiological and pathological conditions; however, its involvement in respiratory virus-induced airway inflammation is largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that RSV-induced oxidative stress promotes enhanced activation and release of TG2 from human lung epithelial cells as a result of its translocation from the cytoplasm and subsequent release into the extracellular space, which was mediated by Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and NF-κB pathways. Antioxidant treatment significantly inhibited RSV-induced TG2 extracellular release and activation via blocking viral replication. Also, treatment of RSV-infected lung epithelial cells with TG2 inhibitor significantly reduced RSV-induced matrix metalloprotease activities. These results suggested that RSV-induced oxidative stress activates innate immune receptors in the airways, such as TLRs, that can activate TG2 via the NF-κB pathway to promote cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins, resulting in enhanced inflammation." @default.
• W3208798469 created "2021-11-08" @default.
• W3208798469 creator A5013534230 @default.
• W3208798469 creator A5067303781 @default.
• W3208798469 creator A5090583625 @default.
• W3208798469 date "2022-01-01" @default.
• W3208798469 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3208798469 title "Respiratory syncytial virus infection induces the release of transglutaminase 2 from human airway epithelial cells" @default.
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• W3208798469 doi "https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00013.2021" @default.
• W3208798469 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34704843" @default.
• W3208798469 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
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