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• W3208921768 abstract "Introduction: Combining 5 g/kg body mass (BM) of ice slurry ingestion with a cooling vest (mixed-method cooling) between exercise bouts has been shown to reduce rectal temperature (Tre) and improve time-trial (TT) performance in the heat. While a small body surface area-to-body mass ratio (AD/BM) lowered cooling rates using cold-water immersion, it remains unknown whether AD/BM affects magnitudes of alterations in physiological and performance variables induced by the mixed-method cooling. Thus, this study compared the effects of mixed-method cooling between different AD/BM groups on thermal, cardiovascular, and perceptual strain and cycling TT performance in the heat. Methods: In a randomized cross-over design, 20 physically active men performed two bouts of a 25-min constant-paced (55% of maximal oxygen uptake [VO2max]) cycling followed by a 5-min time trial (TT) in the heat (35°C, 50% relative humidity). The two bouts were separated by a 15-minute break, and participants were assigned to either the control trial (CON; 5 g/kg BM of fluid ingestion [28.5±0.6°C]) or the mixed-method cooling trial (COOL; 5 g/kg BM of ice slurry ingestion [-1.4±0.2°C] and a cooling vest). For data analysis, participants were divided into two groups by the AD/BM (High [n=10] or Low [n=10]). Results: BM, lean BM, and AD were higher in Low than in High (p<0.05). AD/BM and AD/LBM were lower in Low than in High (p<0.05). VO2max did not differ between the groups (p>0.05). In Low, but not in High, the decrease in rectal temperature was greater in COOL than in CON during the 15-minute break (p<0.05). Moreover, in Low, rectal temperature in COOL remained lower during the second exercise bouts compared to those in CON (p<0.05). Mean skin temperature, heart rate, skin blood flow, thermal sensation and comfort, and rating of perceived exertion decreased by COOL (p<0.05), but not observed differences between the groups. Mean power output during the second TT was significantly improved by COOL in Low (p<0.05), but not in High (p>0.05). Discussion: To our knowledge, we are the first to show a considerably decrease in thermal strain following COOL in low AD/BM individuals compared to high AD/BM individuals. Decreased thermal strain induced by COOL in Low may contribute to improved cycling TT performance in the heat. Conflict of interest statement: We have no conflict of interest of relevance to the submission of this abstract." @default.
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• W3208921768 date "2021-11-01" @default.
• W3208921768 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3208921768 title "A comparison of mixed-method cooling effects between different body surface area-to-body mass ratio groups in the heat" @default.
• W3208921768 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.153" @default.
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