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• W3213641937 endingPage "e003065" @default.
• W3213641937 startingPage "e003065" @default.
• W3213641937 abstract "Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved molecules that specifically recognize common microbial patterns, and have a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity. Although TLRs are highly expressed by innate immune cells, particularly antigen-presenting cells, the very first report of a human TLR also described its expression and function within T-cells. Gene knock-out models and adoptive cell transfer studies have since confirmed that TLRs function as important costimulatory and regulatory molecules within T-cells themselves. By acting directly on T-cells, TLR agonists can enhance cytokine production by activated T-cells, increase T-cell sensitivity to T-cell receptor stimulation, promote long-lived T-cell memory, and reduce the suppressive activity of regulatory T-cells. Direct stimulation of T-cell intrinsic TLRs may be a relevant mechanism of action of TLR ligands currently under clinical investigation as cancer immunotherapies. Finally, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells afford a new opportunity to specifically exploit T-cell intrinsic TLR function. This can be achieved by expressing TLR signaling domains, or domains from their signaling partner myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), within or alongside the CAR. This review summarizes the expression and function of TLRs within T-cells, and explores the relevance of T-cell intrinsic TLR expression to the benefits and risks of TLR-stimulating cancer immunotherapies, including CAR T-cells." @default.
• W3213641937 created "2021-11-22" @default.
• W3213641937 creator A5001620682 @default.
• W3213641937 creator A5085759793 @default.
• W3213641937 creator A5087604368 @default.
• W3213641937 date "2021-11-01" @default.
• W3213641937 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
• W3213641937 title "T-cell intrinsic Toll-like receptor signaling: implications for cancer immunotherapy and CAR T-cells" @default.
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