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• W3217382244 abstract "On 9 April 1920, the Merced County Sun (https://bit.ly/3aNjxyD) recounted how, on the previous day, Los Angeles City Prosecutor EW Widney charged barnstormer Omar [Ormer] Locklear with the first recorded offense of “aerial reckless driving”. Locklear had looped the loop over the city’s Pershing Square, apparently at his nadir flying just “a few feet” above its trees, and for such “tumultuous and offensive conduct” he was slammed with a massive fine of $25! Enough to deter you and me from entertaining airborne antics, maybe, but no barrier to a daredevil bird! One hundred and one years later, the internet was shocked by a rascally gull standing on the back of another, gliding gull, just like a human wingwalker performing a stunt in a Locklear airshow. You’d best go see that right now: https://bit.ly/3lMFHqM. You might now be wondering what that stationary bird was up to. Does the natural world offer any clues (Figure 1)? Well, some animals ride upon other animals for foraging opportunities. For example, herons and common sandpipers are regularly seen on hippos, getting to places they otherwise couldn’t reach, in search of insects and other eatables. Remoras ride on sharks, scavenging tidbits that come their way when sharks do what sharks do. Rodeo ant queens (Solenopsis spp) latch their jaws onto the backs of queens of other ant species, and once saddled-up steal food from them (and emit pheromones that fool the mount’s entourage into looking after the rider’s offspring). Hummingbird flower mites (eg Tropicoseius and Rhinoseius spp), which feed on nectar, get from flower to flower by scurrying up the bills of hummingbirds when they visit blossoms, and scurrying down them again on arrival at the next. And tiny, flightless, helmet cockroaches (Helmablatta louisrothi) are thought to hitch flights on bats to get them around and between the ceilings of Vietnamese caves in search of fungal lunches. But our gull, however, didn’t feed on anything, so we can probably rule out that grub was involved. NSC Photography/Shutterstock.com Some organisms ride other organisms just to get around. For example, Santa does it by reindeer (well, I had to get him in somewhere!). Seeds hitch lifts on animal fur and feathers, coonstripe shrimp larvae (Pandalus danae) sojourn on the tops of jellyfish, and histerid Nymphister kronaueri beetles grab medium-sized army ants (Eciton spp) between the petiole and postpetiole (which sounds excruciating) to Uber their way to the ants’ nests. But our gull soon got thrown from its ride, and in any case it could fly perfectly well for itself. So maybe we can rule that out too. Might the riding gull have been providing protection to the flying gull or seeking protection from something else? Certainly, smaller leafcutter ants (Atta spp) ride on leaves carried by larger leafcutter ants to protect the latter from being attacked by decapitating phorid flies. And penguins occasionally hop onto boats to avoid killer whales and leopard seals. But gulls fear nothing, and everything fears gulls! So, no. Could this, then, have been some kind of gaffe? A few years ago, pictures hit the internet of predation gone wrong as a woodpecker took to the air with an assailant weasel on its back. This was almost certainly not in the weasel’s plan (it’s okay – the bird escaped). Top gull, however, is not trying to eat bottom gull. So could it be mating gone wrong? And it really can go wrong. In December 2018, a picture appeared on Twitter of 10 cane toads apparently riding a python to safety from rising floodwaters (https://bit.ly/3j92AmC). Herpetologist Jodi Rowley (Australian Museum; Sydney, Australia) pointed out that these cane toads were in fact fired-up males trying to mate with anything that moved (or indeed not move; she posted another picture of one trying to make tadpoles with a mango: https://bit.ly/3vtCFv4). As for those birds, independent gull expert Peter Rock likes the “procreation misadventure” theory: “It seems that this was an attempt at mating, but she must have decided against it and dropped off a high place. He, being determined, tried to maintain his position”, he told me. But professor of ornithology Irby Lovette (Cornell University; Ithaca, NY) thought otherwise. “It doesn’t look to me like a mating attempt. The soaring bird looks like it’s hovering in roughly one place while flying against a headwind. The perched bird is then acting like gulls and other seabirds that land on moving objects like ships. Common behavior, but an unusual substrate.” Both experts did agree, however, that the video was really funny. Locklear always had a reason for wingwalking, sometimes technical (he once climbed out of his cockpit during flight to reattach a loose radiator cap), sometimes financial (he made a living partly by swapping planes in mid-air). But perhaps it’s not the same for gulls. When asked for comment, the lower bird told Frontiers: “That gull Omar’s conduct can be quite tumultuous and offensive. Basically, sometimes he’s just a jerk”. And you know what… Adrian Burton" @default.
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• W3217382244 date "2021-12-01" @default.
• W3217382244 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3217382244 title "Going my way?" @default.
• W3217382244 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2444" @default.
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