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- W323904216 abstract "Abstract Little attention has been given to the New York chapter of American Notes (1842), but I believe that the whole of this much maligned book becomes more legible if we consider how Dickens sought to represent America's foremost city. In New York Dickens revisited the genre of the urban tableau that had won him his first fame in Sketches by Boz (1836). But now dissatisfied with the emotional and moral detachment of the urban flaneur, Dickens gave vent to his sense of outrage and shock whenever American conditions, behavior, and institutions disturbed him. swine that Dickens found idling in the muddy streets became for him an ironic portrait of the flaneur in America. The upon the town represents at once not only the bestiality of American life and landscape, but also the muck-raking author who dares root about in his nonnative soil. ********** For a century and a half, partisans of American Notes (1842) have been on the defensive, trying to make a case for a book that at its publication was blasted in America and judged disappointing in Britain. While these efforts have had little effect on the book's equivocal reputation, recuperative readers continue to argue that this grumpy, opinionated hodgepodge of genres savaging American life and landscape is really worthy of Dickens after all. Oddly, little attention has been given to the part of the book where Dickens displays himself to be most--and least--at home, his chapter on the city of New York. I believe we can render American Notes much more legible if we consider how Dickens structures his representation of urban America by employing a European literary tradition that claimed to be able to read and explain any large city. tradition of the strolling urban spectator, or flaneur, dates from the early seventeenth century, and in English develops through the work of Thomas Dekker, Addison and Steele, Leigh Hunt, and Charles Lamb, among others, before Dickens himself takes up flaneur-ship in Sketches By Boz (1836). In the nineteenth century, the street-wise sketch produced by the flaneur is a standard literary mode for exploring territory unknown to the reader. urban tableau is not often recognized as belonging to travel literature per se, because it focuses on everyday domestic sights rather than exotic foreign ones. Nonetheless, its function is to make the seemingly inchoate metropolis appear a model of order and organization to armchair adventurers of the middle-class. Reporter, moralist, social critic, and man-about-town, the ostensibly objective flaneur is a crucial mediator in the bourgeois public's effort to handle the flux of new signs, sights, and social formations that define the modern city. Gifted observer though he may be, the flaneur's ultimate function is to interpret and, to a degree, obscure social relations--so that readers come away reassured that their city is a wondrous storehouse of incident and character, that indigent urban types such as beggars and street vendors are amusing, and that poverty and misfortune are directly attributable to corrigible moral failings. New York chapter of American Notes shows that Dickens had begun to reconsider the notion of the gentleman flaneur, by setting him to work in a time and place where urban growth and democratic ideology were making the refined, disengaged stroller an increasingly implausible and unattractive figure. Moreover, the lowest and most bestial urban figure Dickens describes serves as an ironic portrait of the flaneur in America. pig upon the town, I will argue, is an urban idler of great distinction who not only helps us understand Dickens' response to the city, but also represents Dickens' reading of the United States as a whole. I Dickens was hardly the first flaneur to write up his impressions of New York; home-grown journalists had been publishing man about town sketches and serials in the pages of the influential Knickerbocker magazine throughout the 1830s. …" @default.
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- W323904216 date "1996-09-22" @default.
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- W323904216 title "A Pig upon the Town: Charles Dickens in New York" @default.
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