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• W324845649 abstract "Abstract A model of sedimentary basin formation by finite rate, non-uniform pure shear extension of the lithosphere is described. This model can be applied to problems of superimposed rifting events and generally non-uniform extension. Existing models of instantaneous pure shear extension (McKenzie, 1978) and subsequent modifications (Jarvis and Mackenzie, 1980, Royden and Keen, 1980) have been applied, with success, to many extensional basins. All these models assume a linear, equilibrium temperature profile throughout the lithosphere prior to rifting. However, where several rifting phases have occurred throughout the history of a basin, the assumption of an initially linear, equilibrium temperature profile is not necessarily valid. The model described here is developed from the models of McKenzie (1978) and Jarvis and McKenzie (1980) to calculate the effects of any extension on any initial temperature profile. In the present model, the lithosphere is divided into any number of layers (N) of equal thickness, each of which is assigned an extension factor. In this way, any non-uniform stretching event can be modelled. Initial and thermal subsidences and heat flow variation are calculated using the equations of McKenzie (1978) and McKenzie and Jarvis (1980) adapted for the multilayer model. Extension of the lithosphere with a non-equilibrium temperature profile is modelled by adjusting the extension factors to those necessary to obtain the final temperature profile from the equilibrium state. This extension will in general vary with depth, a situation that can be simulated using the multilayer model. Program RIFT (in standard Fortran) has been written to compute the model. The lithosphere is divided into 100 layers, each of which can be extended by a different amount. Finite rate rifting is modelled as a series of small rifting events, each of which is followed by a short cooling period. Subsidence values are computed for the water filled basin (tectonic subsidence). However, prior to the second and subsequent rifting events, the basin is filled to a specified water depth with sediments composed of 50% shale and 50% sandstone, taking compaction into account. This gives a more realistic estimate for crustal thickness immediately prior to the next rifting event. The program outputs a sequence of tectonic subsidence and heat flow values at time intervals specified by the user. The model is used to estimate the probable effects of Triassic rifting on subsidence and heat flow during and after Jurassic extension in the northern North Sea. Effects are greatest on thermal subsidence and remnant Triassic thermal subsidence can contribute as much as 30% to Jurassic thermal subsidence when Triassic extension factors are in the region of 1.5 and Jurassic factors around 1.25. The advantages and limitations of the model are discussed." @default.
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• W324845649 date "1992-01-01" @default.
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• W324845649 title "RIFT, a model of sedimentary basin evolution by finite rate, non-uniform, pure shear extension of the lithosphere" @default.
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• W324845649 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-88607-1.50036-x" @default.
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