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- W326906971 abstract "This chapter discusses the methods to detect radical-mediated DNA damage in presence of oxygen. Radical-mediated DNA damage is caused by ionizing radiation and transition metal ion-induced reactions involving hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radicals by drugs, such as bleomycin or neocarzinostatin, by the action of light in the presence of photosensitizers, such as menadione, and by activated leukocytederived oxidative species. There have been two ways of viewing DNA damage—structurally and chemically. The chapter emphasizes on the latter; it is also more encompassing as any structural change is preceded or accompanied by chemical change. Knowledge regarding radical-mediated DNA damage has been obtained using low molecular weight model systems, including nucleobases, the sugars deoxyribose or ribose, ribose 5-phosphate, nucleosides, and nucleotides. With these systems, products can be separated by chromatographic techniques such as gas chromatography (GC) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Regarding DNA itself, only a minor part of the products are released from the damaged strand without further treatment, and methods have been developed to hydrolyze the damaged DNA to the level of the subunits or to detach damaged bases from the strand with specific glycolytic enzymes and determine the products by the techniques indicated. As a first step in in vivo experiments, the DNA must be isolated after cell lysis. The subject of this chapter is the radical-induced DNA damage formed in the presence of oxygen." @default.
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- W326906971 date "1990-01-01" @default.
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- W326906971 title "[53] Radical-mediated DNA damage in presence of oxygen" @default.
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- W326906971 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)86145-l" @default.
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