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• W332802095 abstract "Abstract: Numerous researchers have noted many Huguenots conformed to Anglicanism several decades after their arrival in North The situation differed in colonial Massachusetts, where Huguenots typically forged connections with Congregationalists or Presbyterians. This article explores the activities and writings of Andre Le Mercier (16921764), the last pastor of the Boston French Church, which closed in 1748. Le Mercier was an ardent supporter of Protestant unity, yet he also strove to preserve a strong sense of Huguenot identity. Nevertheless, support for Protestant unity facilitated Huguenot integration into the English-speaking majority, which fostered the demise of French Reformed churches in New England and thereby weakened Huguenot identity. Paula Wheeler Carlo is a professor of history at Nassau Community College and the author of Huguenot Refugees in Colonial New York: Becoming American in the Hudson Valley (Sussex Academic Press, 2005). The Huguenots were French Protestants who followed the teachings of the religious reformer John Calvin (1509-1564).1 They faced persecution and even death during the French Religious Wars in the second half of the sixteenth century.2 The conclusion of these wars produced the Edict of Nantes (1598), which allowed Protestants to freely practice their religion in specified areas of France. After the assassination of King Henri IV (1553-1610), a one-time Huguenot, the provisions of this Edict began to be eroded. As persecution of Protestants intensified and their faith was declared illegal throughout predominantly Catholic France in 1685, many Huguenots sought refuge in Protestant states such as the Netherlands, Dutch-controlled South Africa, Swiss city-states, the Palatinate, Great Britain, and in the British North American colonies. Some 30 years ago the late historian Robert M. Kingdon sought to answer the question, Why did the Huguenot refugees in the American colonies become Episcopalians? Kingdon identifies numerous reasons for Huguenot conformity to the Church of England, which in the United States became known as the Episcopal Church after the American Revolution.3 Motivations included financial incentives; social, economic, and political advantages; gratitude for toleration and a place of refuge; and an attraction to Anglican doctrines.4 In the conclusion of this classic essay, Kingdon mentions yet another possible motivation for conformity to Anglicanism: the desire for Christian unity. In support of this, Kingdon cites Andre Le Mercier (16921764), the last minister of the French Calvinist church in Boston. Kingdon describes Le Mercier as perhaps the most literate of the Huguenots to come to America. Le Mercier had written the following in a 1732 publication: There is a great difference between Articles of Doctrine and Points of Discipline. One may in this last respect conform himself to the ways of the Places where he livetb . . . without any prejudice to his Religion and Conscience [As] to Articles of Discipline, we must be of a sociable Spirit, and submit to the order of the Churches among which we live; because order is not an unalterable thing ... it depends upon the circumstances of times and places; so it may be very well said of two opposite forms, they are both of them good. Based on this passage, Kingdon theorizes Le Mercier was suggesting that there is no one way in which a true Christian church must be organized. Kingdon further observes this view would not have been acceptable to English Presbyterians or Congregationalists of the period and would not have pleased many Episcopalians either. But if it was widespread among the Huguenots who emigrated to the American colonies, [it] may . . . explain why it was so easy for the French refugees to discard the ecclesiastical structures to which they had been accustomed . . . and which may have led them into Episcopal churches.5 Kingdon's speculation helps to explain the Huguenots' easy embrace of Anglicanism. …" @default.
• W332802095 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W332802095 date "2012-07-01" @default.
• W332802095 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W332802095 title "Huguenot Identity and Protestant Unity in Colonial Massachusetts: The Reverend André le Mercier and the Sociable Spirit" @default.
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