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- W333607024 abstract "Because environmental education (EE) is relevant to the local needs of each community, it is necessary to design and implement unique EE programs for each community. From this point of view, I suggest an approach based on an opinionnaire survey of academicians in environmental sciences to evaluate the importance of environmental science concept, before any EE program is developed. Such academicians have the best understanding of both natural and man-made environmental problems in a specific locale. The development of an EE curriculum, based on opinions of academicians in environmental sciences, in addition to the existing environmental science books, is important to increase the effectiveness of EE. Despite arguments among environmental educators, science is considered a vehicle to promote environmental education (EE) and a central activity and critical component of EE. The environment has been identified as an organizing theme for some science courses. Environmental education has been a vehicle for developing themes about science, particularly as a method of demonstrating or discussing the social relevance of science or the social responsibility of scientists (Lucas, 1980). McMichael and Strom (1975) claim that not only is man's environment amenable to scientific study, but indeed, only science can provide the basis for understanding the nature of man's environment. Similarly, Bybee (1979) believes that a new is emerging, based on a very different world view from the exploitive relationship that has prevailed in the past, and that because this ecological society will have science at its core, science must be a dominant force in education. Volk (1984) compares the goals of science education and those of EE. He concludes that science education and EE share a number of common goals or purposes. Certainly, they share a common perspective of citizenship preparation: Both enterprises are concerned with the development of individuals who are about science-related social issues, competent to engage in the investigation, evaluation, and resolution of those issues, and motivated to do so. Volk concluded that the common goals of science education and EE held the promise of future collaboration, to provide a valid and useful mold of basic scientific knowledge and skills with the consideration of personal and societal values. Both science education and EE would be advised to use the interests and needs of the other, not to further science education, nor to further EE, but rather to accomplish their common goals-a scientific and environmentally literate and prepared citizenry, involved in working toward a world in which a balance has been attained between quality of life and the quality of the environment. In particular, scientific knowledge of the environment has been perceived as the fundamental requirement of every environmentally responsible citizen. Hungerford and Volk (1990) explained the importance of knowledge in EE by proposing examples both in the traditional thinking and research findings in EE. Traditional thinking in the field of EE has been that individuals can change behavior by making themselves more knowledgeable about the environment and its associated issues. Although this is not the first step toward responsible environmental behavior, according to the research findings, knowledge of action strategies and issues remains an important variable in conjunction with others such as action-skill, personality, and situational factors. Ballantyne and Packer (1996) argue that If the teaching of attitudes/values is emphasized at the expense of an adequate and accurate knowledge base, there is a danger that students' environmental behavior may be driven by misconceptions (p. 26). They further argue that lack of environmental knowledge results from environmental educators' lack of a sense of need for a strong discipline-based background in environmental science. …" @default.
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- W333607024 date "1999-09-01" @default.
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- W333607024 title "Opinion-Based Procedure for Designing an Environmental Education Curriculum" @default.
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