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- W335962015 abstract "Publisher Summary Efficient laser deceleration of a calcium atomic beam can be obtained by using a laser tuned on the resonance transition at 422nm.. In an experiment described in this chapter, a single-frequency laser at a fixed frequency was used, and the Doppler effect was compensated by shifting the atomic absorption by the Zeeman effect. Owing to the zero-total angular momentum of the magnesium and calcium ground state and the absence of nuclear spin of the most abundant isotopes, the cooling process occurs in a true two-level system if a circular polarized light is used. The resulting velocity distribution was analyzed by monitoring the fluorescence excited by a second laser beam whose frequency was scanned around the resonance. In the case of calcium, the presence of the 1 D 2 level at an energy lower than the 1 P 1 one introduces an additional difficulty. As a consequence, the cooling cycle can be interrupted by a spontaneous emission from the 1 P 1 level towards the 1 D 2 level, which corresponds to a loss of atoms owing to the very long lifetime of the 1 D 2 level compared with the duration of the cooling process. In the research described in the chapter, the influence on the cooling efficiency of the optical pumping in the 1 D 2 level was investigated. In conclusion, low-velocity beams of calcium atoms, with a velocity as low as 10÷20 m/s or less, corresponding to a thermal source colder than 1 κ, can be easily obtained, demonstrating the importance of this element for future atomic frequency standards operating in the submillimeter and optical regions." @default.
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- W335962015 date "1989-01-01" @default.
- W335962015 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W335962015 title "Laser Cooling of a Ca Atomic Beam and Measurement the 1P1 - 1D2 transition rate" @default.
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- W335962015 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-251930-7.50128-x" @default.
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