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• W336362781 abstract "JUSTIN VAUSSE, HANS KUNDNANI (eds): Foreign Policy Scorecard 2012. London: Council on Foreign Relations, 2011, 146 pp.This Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) publication is a report summarising the main developments of European foreign in 2011, and is an annual initiative of the think tank. Its ambition is to assess EU activity and whether it has reached its interests and goals of promoting its values worldwide. This is not an easy task for the reason that the EU has minor competencies in the foreign policy area and, in spheres where it has a voice, differences between Member States' interests hamper arriving at common positions. The authors aim to point out cases in which the common interest won over Member States, and vice versa. A group of twelve researchers evaluated 80 foreign policy issues structured in six general categories: EU relations with China, Russia, the United States, Wider Europe,2 the Middle East and North Africa, as well as activity in multilateral forums and on crisis management. On each issue they give point-by-point to what extent the Union managed to act unanimously, mobilise resources and undertake activities that led to success. In addition, researchers assess the Member States' activity in 30 chosen areas and whether they presented the attitude of a leader or a slacker in their efforts to coordinate the EU position. The comparison of the scorecards from 2010 and 2012 aims to show some trends in the development of EU action. The authors are aware that the method used in the report is a plebiscite involving a political assessment. This is not a scientific approach or an index relying on quantitative data (i.e., UNDP's Human Development Index), on the assessment of independent observers (i.e., House's Freedom in the report), or a mix of both index approaches (i.e., Institute for Economics and Peace's Global Peace Index).The report is a synthetic summary of major events in the EU's external policy in 2011, indicating that year's EU objectives. That is a huge advantage. In the previously mentioned categories, a review of the EU's successes and failures is made. According to the report, the EU was the most successful in multilateral cooperation (score: B, or good) thanks to the successful summit in Durban and the signatures by the countries emitting the biggest quantities of carbon dioxide, including China, to a legally binding agreement to reduce CO2 emissions. The prestige of the Union on a global scale has been severely strained due to its inability to undertake anti-crisis measures in the eurozone, which was notably visible during the G20 summit in Cannes. In relations with the United States (score: B-, or satisfactory) the Europeans' ability to cooperate with the Americans on intervention in Libya was appreciated. However, the intervention revealed serious deficiencies in military capabilities. In addition, the United States to a greater extent is developing its cooperation with the Asian region, at the expense of Europe. Relations with Russia, Wider Europe and the Middle East and North Africa were assessed as C+ (or sufficient). With regard to Russia, the authors emphasised the exceptional unity of the EU position on Russia last year and the success of Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization. Nevertheless, Vladimir Putin's continuing hold on power marks the end of the EU politicians' illusions about Russia's democratisation effort. The EU's policy towards Wider Europe is characterised by progress in the enlargement process in the Western Balkans, the stalemate in relations with Turkey and the limited progress in several areas with Eastern Partnership countries (trade and energy). In 2011, the EU received the worst record in its relations with China (score: C, insufficient). In spite of attempts to strengthen the EU's position, the prolonged economic crisis was used by the Chinese as an opportunity to increase China's economic presence in the EU. …" @default.
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• W336362781 date "2012-07-01" @default.
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• W336362781 title "European Foreign Policy Scorecard 2012" @default.
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