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- W33756568 abstract "Most historians of astronomy spend their days reading documents and books in libraries and archives. A few devote themselves to the study of the hardware – astrolabes, telescopes, and so forth – to be found in museums and the older observatories. But long before the invention of writing or the construction of observing instruments, the sky was a cultural resource among peoples throughout the world. Seafarers navigated by the stars; agricultural communities used the stars to help determine when to plant their crops; ideological systems linked the celestial bodies to objects, events and cycles of activity in both the terrestrial and the divine worlds; and we cannot exclude the possibility that some prehistoric and protohistoric peoples possessed a genuinely predictive science of astronomy that might have allowed them, for example, to forecast eclipses. This History will concentrate on the emergence of the science of astronomy as we know it today. The historical record shows this development to have taken place in the Near East and, more particularly, in Europe. We therefore begin by asking if anything is known of how prehistoric Europeans viewed the sky, and whether there is any evidence of predictive astronomy. Because it is all too easy for us to fall into the trap of imposing our Western thoughtpatterns and preconceptions onto the archaeological remains, we also look, by way of comparison, at members of two other groups who viewed or view the sky with minds untouched by Western ideas: the peoples who lived in America before the Spanish conquest, and peoples living today who pursue their traditional ways of life in relative isolation from the rest of mankind. The celestial phenomena in the two regions most intensively investigated by students of prehistoric and protohistoric astronomy – northwest Europe and the American tropics – are very different. In the tropics the Sun and the other celestial bodies rise and set almost vertically, and for people living there the two times in the year when the Sun" @default.
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- W33756568 date "1999-03-01" @default.
- W33756568 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W33756568 title "Astronomy before history" @default.
- W33756568 hasPublicationYear "1999" @default.
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