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• W339469569 abstract "THE PATHS THAT PEOPLE CHOOSE TO pursue a professional life built on singing are neither uniform nor unidirectional; there are many possible trajectories. However, there exists a fundamental dividing line which occurs at the end of the high school years, between those who pursue higher education in music and those who do not. Singers who choose higher education are usually propelled by one overarching reason: to receive advanced training. But there are other benefits beside further training that accrue alongside continued education. In this edition of Mindful Voice, we will explore these various reasons, and their effects, by considering recent social science research on the social process of professionalization and its outcome: entree to the so-called expert or knowledge-based professions.HIGHER EDUCATIONMany singers in their late teens (although, alas, certainly not all) are aware of their technical shortcomings and choose to commit themselves to at least four more years of advanced training. Whether or not these young musicians are aware of it upon matriculation into an undergraduate program, those who pursue classical voice training face an extended period of apprenticeship afterward, due to the large incubation time required to fully fledge as an opera singer. For American classical singers, the mastery of at least three foreign languages alone adds years to their apprenticeship, not to mention education in each historical style period, and such critical skills as acting and movement.This career trajectory may be distinctly different for those who opt for a career in music theater; many of these singers have sufficient training at the end of an undergraduate degree to simply hit the audition circuit and, if they are fortunate enough to land a role, to finish their apprenticeship on the job. As one such singer said to me some years ago, There is no master's degree for Broadway-you just have to go there and do it. Currently, however, there are now at least several graduate programs in music theater that have formed, and as this genre and singing technique continues to gain respect and acceptance by such august bodies as NATS, I daresay such programs will continue to grow.PROFESSIONALIZATIONBeyond the very worthy objective of advanced training lie further rewards that are specific to the process of professionalization itself. professionalization of occupations (whose historical roots can be traced back to the medieval trade guilds) is essentially a process by which a group of experts comes together to form an association whose purpose is to articulate and then maintain the highest standards in their discipline. This is usually done by establishing training and testing criteria, which, if successfully completed by the trainee, culminates in a degree or a certificate. These awards, in turn, provide admission into the so-called expert or knowledge-based professions, defined as jobs and occupations that require expert knowledge in the form of specialized higher education.1 This scenario is known in sociological terms as occupational closure, which refers to the exclusive nature of the professionalization process; that is, one of the hallmarks of professionalization is the exclusion of those whose credentials are deemed unworthy by the governing board.But while the desire for exclusivity is a common motivator in the history of many organizations' founding, even stronger is a belief that the discipline in question is being tainted by amateurs or outright charlatans. Professional pride over maintaining professional purity seems to be the strongest motivator of all. Indeed, the history of the founding of NATS followed just such a path.In 1907, voice teacher Herman Klein, representing a self-described small and modest but compact section of singing teachers, gave a speech to the Music Teachers National Association entitled, The Singing Teacher, As He Ought to Be. Klein claimed that the reputation of voice teachers in the United States was so poor at that time that his group had suddenlyrealized, like Marcellus in Hamlet, that there is something rotten in the State, and [we] are at present time earnestly and anxiously devising plans whereby to purify and systematize our profession as a whole. …" @default.
• W339469569 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W339469569 date "2013-05-01" @default.
• W339469569 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W339469569 title "The Professionalization of Voice" @default.
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