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• W339675581 abstract "The Edinburgh Companion to the Gaelic Language Moray Watson and Michelle MacLeod (eds.). Edinburgh University Press, 2010. ISBN 9780748637096, 21.99 [pounds sterling], 376pp. This is an important and valuable book, and the editors and publisher are to be congratulated on bringing it out. With its firmly linguistic focus it fills a major gap in coverage, the only comparable one-volume resource being Derick Thomson's Companion to Gaelic Scotland, which appeared in 1983. Since then, the need has grown for a work that is conspicuously positioned, authoritative and up-to-date, one which can brief both Gaels and non-Gaels on current thinking about Gaelic, its history and its circumstances. For the last thirty years have seen many important developments --in the language itself, in the ways people use it, and in research and writing about it. The Companion covers a lot of ground, and non-specialist readers will encounter plenty that is new to them. The type of 'companionship' provided by the several authors is varied. Colm O Baoill's survey of the external history of Gaelic in Scotland from the earliest times to 1800 systematically details the various strands of scholarly research and speculation that lie behind current orthodoxy and debate, attempting to provide a comprehensive, balanced digest. By contrast, Ronald Black's chapter on Gaelic orthography takes us on a delightful, diverting, personally charged tour to meet the giants and pygmies who shaped his subject, which turns out to be sometimes surreal and certainly never boring. As to balance and order of treatment, there is a progression from historical chapters (in a broad sense that includes place-names, dialects and lexicon as well as period-based surveys) to sociolinguistic and then on to purely linguistic chapters. I have one immediate criticism. The editors refer in the Preface (p. xv) to 'the more traditional Celtic Studies approach to the Gaelic language'--which I take to mean historical and comparative study in a diachronic Gaelic or Goidelic framework--and claim that the Companion will 're-affirm the links' between this approach and 'recent innovations' in language study. The most obvious way of doing this would be to include a suitably progressive version of the 'traditional' approach. But in fact the major omission from the Companion is an up-to-date 'Gaelic Language' treatment of Gaelic. This is a pity, because the 'traditional' approach (at least in the hands of today's linguistically informed practitioners) is not in any sense passe, but fundamental to the success of all sorts of derivative studies, whether these be theoretical or applied in focus, literary or linguistic in orientation. Some themes recur in several chapters, as do thought-provoking differences of perspective or emphasis. For example, one keeps catching glimpses of the shifting borderline between 'us' and 'them' as applied to Gaels, and of the changing modalities of both 'their' and 'our' reasons for clinging to or resisting Gaelic. O Baoill refers (p. 13) to the historical emergence of Highland versus Lowland entities after the Bruce-Balliol struggles, with attendant linguistic and cultural implications. Michelle Macleod (p. 26) touches on the same string when dealing with the 'civilising' efforts of the SSPCK in the eighteenth and nineteenth century, which first ignored, then demonised Gaelic, before reluctantly according it a limited role in a process of assimilating 'them' to 'us'. That there continued to be a Gaelic 'we' as well as a 'they' goes without saying, but it was usually inaudible in Anglophone discourse, and mostly remains so. One glimpses briefly how different things could be in Ken Nilsen's depiction of nineteenth-century Nova Scotia, at a moment when the provision of Gaelic-language education for Gaelic speakers was seen as a matter of course (pp. 98-9). Contrast this with Ken Mackinnon's conclusion that Scotland now has the level of overt support for Gaelic which was needed a century ago, but without the critical mass of habitual Gaelic speakers to take advantage of the support system (pp. …" @default.
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• W339675581 title "The Edinburgh Companion to the Gaelic Language" @default.
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