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- W340147370 abstract "Three research and demonstration projects, three different approaches. Development of successful models of integration of acute-care and chronic-care services has long been a goal for researchers and practitioners. Over the past twenty-plus years, the Health Care Financing Administration and states have conducted multiple demonstrations to test new approaches of integrating these two service systems for Medicare beneficiaries. With passage of the Balanced Budget Act of I997, there has been new interest and speculation about alternative organizational approaches for acute care. Some of these organizational approaches may also be amenable to integrating a chronic-care system with the acutecare system. These new alternative organizational structures may be appealing to healthcare providers and insurers and to Medicare beneficiaries. Many of these organizational structures build on the knowledge from previous demonstration and experimentation efforts. This article discusses three research and demonstration projects that were conducted in South Carolina over the past Is years to integrate acute- and chronic-care services. Findings of two of these projects are related to a conceptualization of integrated healthcare delivery systems. The first, Community Long Term Care, conducted between I98o and 1984, expanded the Medicaid long-term-care system by adding home- and community-based care, and now serves more than II,ooo people annually, statewide. The second project, Palmetto SeniorCare, is a Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) replication site that recently celebrated its 10th anniversary. This project is reimbursed on a capitation basis to provide all acute and chronic care for a group of frail older people. A third project, instigated in I995 at Richland Memorial Hospital, was a site for the Social Health Maintenance Organization II (Social HMO II) demonstration. Building on the successful experience of the Social HMO I projects, Social HMO II interventions further refined the concept of a geriatric care management system that integrates acute and chronic care. Although this demonstration did not prove to be feasible in South Carolina at this time, the planning and feasibility process was very helpful in further defining an integrated acute- and chronic-care system. These research and demonstration projects took different approaches to integration of acute- and chronic-care services. This article will describe these differences and discuss how they have contributed to the future understanding of the integration of acute- and chronic-care services. CONCEPTIONS OF INTEGRATION There are many ways to conceptualize integration of acute and chronic care. For purposes of this article, two different approaches were selected in order to provide a framework for discussion. System integration scales. Stephen Shortell (Managed Care Quarterly, 1994) described an organized healthcare delivery system through the use of system integration scales for functional integration, physician-system integration, and clinical integration. Certain aspects of each of the scales apply to integration of acute- and chronic-care services. For example, in the area of clinical integration, measures relate to protocol development and outcome measurement. In the area of functional integration, the degree to which organizational units share a common culture and organizational goals, quality management, and information systems is a measure of integration. In the area of physician-system integration, clinical activities and services are coordinated between and among units. Managed care. Another conceptualization, described in a paper prepared for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Medicare/Medicaid Integration Program directed by the University of Maryland Center on Aging (I997) addresses the integration of acute and long-term care through managed care, defining integrated acute- and chronic-care services as occurring when multiple systems feel and act like one system, depending upon the care and services the beneficiary requires. …" @default.
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- W340147370 date "1999-07-01" @default.
- W340147370 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W340147370 title "Integration of Acute and Chronic Care: Lessons Learned from South Carolina" @default.
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