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• W340830546 abstract "Evidence to date suggests that the change to modern rice cultural practices was the major factor causing the upsurge in the density of, and damage by, the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) in recent years. The aspects of these practices that have been shown to increase pest abundance are a high tiller number per square meter, flooding of fields, and application of high doses of nitrogenous fertilizer. More evidence is needed to indicate if the cropping pattern, high yielding varieties per se, weeds, natural enemies of N. lugens, climate, or insecticides play a critical role in increasing the pest’s abundance. The density and composition of the BPH in the field fluctuate dramatically within one crop period, within a year, and over a period of years. The changes during a crop period are influenced by crop age and the generation pattern, which is rather distinct in a given field. Dispersing macropterous adults invade a field soon after planting, and usually two major generations develop before crop maturity. The highest insect densities occur when nymphs dominate the population, usually about 60 and 85 days after transplanting. Nymphal mortality may be high. Adult wing form may change during a crop period. Adults disperse out of the field mainly near crop maturity. Dispersal flight is close to the ground, and occurs in the early evening hours. Within a year’s time in a double-cropped area, usually there are two population peaks, one near the end of each crop season. Apparently surrounding crops strongly influence pest density, possibly through the size of the dispersing population. The largest peak in a year may occur in either the dry or the wet season. Sampling the BPH is difficult because of the aggregated distribution that develops in the field. The tiller number per hill appears to be important in improving sampling methodology. The current methods and objectives of sampling are critically reviewed." @default.
• W340830546 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W340830546 date "1979-01-01" @default.
• W340830546 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W340830546 title "Ecology of the brown planthopper in the tropics." @default.
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