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- W344832145 abstract "Open societies are characterized by a plurality of interests and con cerns. Values cherished in open societies include the support of conditions conducive to furthering a higher quality of life, an en largement of the range of freedom, and the pursuit of happiness. Variations in value preferences and structures are integral to an open society. Rational choice involves the determination of those values that are more worthy of satisfying; rational action is concerned with the selection of those instrumentalities most conducive to the attain ment of worthy value preferences. Open societies also support conditions conducive to the growth and application of scientific knowledge. As an activity designed to set forth laws (or well-founded generalizations) through rigorous methodological procedures and to provide instrumentalities and techniques for bringing about a preferred state of affairs, science is supported by those values which advance freedom of inquiry and discussion of ideas. In open societies it is expected that scientists as well as other investigators will differ not only in their value prefer ences, but also in the procedures they find most propitious for carry ing out their investigations and in the conclusions they reach and the recommendations they propose. Integral both to the consideration of values and to the development of scientific knowledge is the freedom to inquire, to publish the results of such inquiry, and to evaluate the views of others. This article will discuss an issue involving values and scientific inquiry: the controversy related to efforts to link racially-associated genetic factors to intelligence. The first section will discuss this issue as it relates to academic freedom. The second section will analyze the soundness of generalizations made in studies dealing with the herita bility of I.Q. and with group differences attributable to racially derived genetic factors. The authors should say at this point that both of us have been involved for more than twenty-five years in organized endeavors to attain equal and viable educational opportunities for all ethnic groups." @default.
- W344832145 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W344832145 date "1975-01-01" @default.
- W344832145 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W344832145 title "Academic Values and the Jensen-Shockley Controversy." @default.
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