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• W345795962 abstract "During World War I, women throughout Illinois actively supported nation's effort. In many cases, women's activities were closely tied to nation's effort to win war. In Fayette County, for example, south central Illinois county's women's war garden preserved almost ten thousand cans of homegrown fruits and vegetables, while in McLean County women instructed more than a thousand central Illinois women in food conservation techniques over course of eleven weeks at community war kitchen they established. At other times connection to wartime emergency was more tenuous, as was case with Pike County women who weighed and measured fifteen hundred west central Illinois preschoolers in one summer, and Elgin women who mounted a successful campaign to force their local school board to offer night classes for almost two hundred of northeastern Illinois community's working women who had not completed high school. In all these instances, and countless others around state, women's support for effort was organized through their communities' units of Illinois Woman's Committee (IWC), statewide organization jointly created by state and national governments to mobilize and coordinate women's war-related volunteer activities on home front. Despite some tensions between these local Woman's Committee units and IWC's Chicago-based state leadership over organizational and financial matters, hundreds of thousands of women living downstate joined their city, town, or township Woman's Committees. They participated in a variety of local activities designed to help their nation win its war, which included disseminating information from government about effort, increasing food production, and conserving food. In addition, they used opportunities that wartime emergency provided to improve life in their local communities, by helping immigrants better adjust to life in United States, enlarging women's occupational options, and improving health of local children. Overall, state produced exceptionally active local Woman's Committees; in several program areas, Illinois surpassed other forty-seven states in size and reach of its statewide Woman's Committee organization. The Illinois Woman's Committee was created as a standing committee of State Council of Defense (SCD), fifteen-member board appointed by governor to organize Illinois's effort; IWC was also Illinois's State Division of Woman's Committee of Council of National Defense, created by President to coordinate nation's effort.1 From moment of its origin, state leadership of IWC was dominated by Chicago women, who created organization and continued to shape its program throughout war. Only seventeen percent of IWC's state leaders lived downstate. Chicago was home not only to IWC state headquarters but also to virtually entire IWC Executive Committee as well as its Advisory Committee, which included presidents of all statewide women's organizations.2 Perhaps not surprisingly, therefore, when IWC Director Harriet Vittum returned from a 1917 trip through Illinois on behalf of organization, she reported that the extreme southern end of State feels isolated and somewhat neglected by Chicago.3 Jessie Spafford, state president of Illinois Federation of Women's Clubs (IFWC), supervised IWC's efforts to organize local Woman's Committees. As was common among state Woman's Committees throughout nation during World War I, women's club movement figured prominently in backgrounds of state and local Illinois Woman's Committee leaders; most belonged to clubs organized through IFWC, and most state-level Woman's Committee department heads had led similar departments in IFWC before temporarily diverted their efforts to IWC.4 With, as Spafford noted in her final report, the heartiest cooperation from club women all over State, IWC's Organization Department included IFWC's twenty-five congressional district presidents as well as presidents of Illinois Parent-Teachers Association, Illinois Federation of Church Women, and Women's Auxiliary of Illinois Farmers' Institute; seventeen of its thirty-one members represented downstate areas. …" @default.
• W345795962 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W345795962 date "2004-01-01" @default.
• W345795962 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W345795962 title "Even in the Remotest Parts of the State: Downstate Woman's Committee Activities on the Illinois Home Front during World War I" @default.
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