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• W346327072 abstract "Sarah saw ... [Ishmael] metzahek.... She said to Abraham, 'Get rid of that slave-woman and her child' (Gen. 21:9-10). Sarah sees her husband's son Ishmael laughing or playing. (The Hebrew word metzahek, has multiple meanings.) Sarah goes to Abraham and demands that he 'get rid of that slave-woman and her child.' This is a major turning point in Sarah's life. She is about to create havoc in Abraham's household. Taking the text at face value, just what did Sarah see? What provokes this reaction on her part? The Masoretic text simply says that Ishmael is laughing/playing; the Septuagint, and some Christian translations add the words her son Sarah seems to assume that Ishmael is interacting with (or, perhaps, reacting to) her own son Isaac. Yet, in this context it is not at all clear that Isaac is present, or that the laughter/playing actually is directed at--or about--him. This brief episode has much greater meaning to her than just a chance encounter. Apparently, she sees something threatening--to her? to Isaac? to her connections with Isaac? to the whole wider family relationship?--and consequently she is willing to risk a serious confrontation with her husband Abraham to assuage her concerns. Sarah is so infuriated that she cannot even bring herself to mention the names of Hagar and Ishmael. Instead, she labels them as objects: that slave-woman and her child. The reason she gives for her demand centers on the question of inheritance. She says specifically that 'the child of that slave-woman will not inherit along with my son Isaac' (21:10). THE BACKGROUND The issue is more complicated than merely a question of inheritance. The very presence of those two people is abhorrent to Sarah. She does not seem to ask that the child of the slave-woman be totally disinherited. She is, however, adamant that the slave-woman's child is not going to live alongside her son Isaac. She is insistent that he and his mother be sent away, far from Abraham's encampment. A probable destination is Beer-lahai-roi, where years before Hagar had found refuge when she had run away (Ch. 16). Earlier, God explained to Abraham that while the everlasting covenant will be through Isaac and ... for his offspring after him, yet Ishmael will also know God's blessings. Ishmael will be fertile and exceedingly numerous, the father of 12 chieftains, 'but My Covenant I will establish with Isaac' (17:19-21). Sarah does not challenge God's promise concerning Ishmael's future. She simply wants Hagar and Ishmael out of sight and out of mind. SARAH IS A COMPLICATED CHARACTER Tradition describes Sarah as the mother of the Israelite people, a priestess, a princess, and the heroine of the Book of Genesis. She is revered by the writers of midrashim, described as possessing a timeless beauty, a generous soul, and oftentimes as the personification of kindness. Twenty-two biblical women are worthy of the term of valor, and among them Sarah is the greatest. (1) Yet, Sarah also is a complicated character who has to face some difficult choices that at times compromised her moral integrity, and forced her into a different identity. Twice in her life, as recorded in Genesis 12 and 20, she had--or chose--to agree to pretend that she is not the personage she truly is. In those instances, she acquiesced to being presented as Abraham's sister, and not as his lawful wife. (2) In addition, Sarah had to come to terms with what appeared to be her inability to produce an heir for Abraham, probably the ultimate failure for a woman of the time. Niditch states: Surrogate motherhood allowed a barren woman to regularize her status in a world in which children were a woman's status and in which childlessness was regarded as a virtual sign of divine disfavor (see [Genesis] 16:2; 30:1-2; ... 38). Childless wives were humiliated and taunted by co-wives. (3) One can imagine further that Sarah was mortified, for custom required that she offer Abraham her very own maidservant as a surrogate womb (Ch. …" @default.
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• W346327072 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W346327072 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W346327072 title "What Sarah Saw: Envisioning Genesis 21:9-10" @default.
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